欧洲药品管理局 (European Medicines Agency, EMA) 加强了避免在妊娠期使用丙戊酸药物的措施
2018 年，EMA 出台了更强有力的措施，旨在避免婴儿在子宫内接触丙戊酸药物。根据新的限制，由于胎儿先天畸形和出现发育问题的风险高，因此在妊娠期禁止将丙戊酸药物用于治疗癫痫。然而，EMA 认识到，对于一些患有癫痫的女性来说，可能无法停用丙戊酸，且在妊娠时可能需要在配合适当专科护理的情况下继续癫痫治疗。
另外，除非已实施包含以下内容的妊娠预防计划，否则丙戊酸药物不得用于具有生育潜能的女性患者：
评估患者怀孕的可能性
根据需要在开始治疗之前以及治疗期间进行妊娠试验
咨询有关丙戊酸治疗的风险以及整个治疗过程中有效避孕的必要性
由专科医师对正在应用的治疗方法进行每年至少一次的回顾审查
患者和处方医师将在每次此类年度审查中详细检查风险确认书，确认已给出并理解恰当的建议。
EMA 表示，由于有证据显示，丙戊酸在妊娠期使用存在风险的信息仍然没有传达给女性（尽管采取了早期措施来确保这一点），因此已实施新的措施。
参见:治疗步骤 参见:治疗流程 参见:患者指导 参见:并发症小结
定义
病史和查体
诊断性检查
治疗流程
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Assistant Professor of Neurology
Washington University Medical School
St. Louis
MO
利益冲突披露
JLZW declares that she has no competing interests.Dr Judith L. Z. Weisenberg would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Michael Wong, a previous contributor to this monograph. MW declares that he has no competing interests.
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Consultant Paediatric Neurologist
Royal Victoria Infirmary
NHS Foundation Trust
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
UK
利益冲突披露
AD and two epilepsy nurses from her department have been reimbursed by UCB Pharma, the manufacturer of levetiracetum, for attending several conferences. One of the epilepsy nurses received a one-off sponsorship payment from UCB Pharma to cover the initial set-up costs of the adolescent epilepsy support group. One epilepsy nurse has been reimbursed by Cyberonics, the manufacturer of vagal nerve stimulators, for attending one or more conferences.Division of Pediatric Neurology
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
New York
NY
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CA declares that he has no competing interests.Associate Professor
Pediatrics and Neurology
Baylor College of Medicine
Medical Director
Comprehensive Epilepsy Program
Texas Children's Hospital
Houston
TX
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AAW declares that he has no competing interests.Head of Neurosciences Unit
The Prince of Wales’s Chair of Childhood Epilepsy
National Centre for Young People with Epilepsy
London
UK
利益冲突披露
HC has received research funds from HAS, Epilepsy Research UK, SHS, and the Milk Development Council. She has received funding for an epilepsy training fellowship from UCB and Eisai. She has also received travel funding from Eisai, UCB, and GlaxoSmithKline.
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