有些药物据知会对红细胞产生氧化应激作用,并在G6PD缺乏症的患者中引起溶血性贫血。
就某些药物(如氨苯砜、伯氨喹、磺胺类)而言,这种联系是清晰而稳定的。而在几乎所有的患者中都会观察到溶血,不论是否具有残余的酶活性。[2]Cappellini MD, Fiorelli G. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Lancet. 2008;371:64-74.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18177777?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Luzzatto L, Mehta AB, Vulliamy T. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, eds. The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2001:4517-4553.[12]Beutler E. G6PD deficiency. Blood. 1994;84:3613-3636.http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/cgi/reprint/84/11/3613http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7949118?tool=bestpractice.com[13]Mehta AB. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Prescr J. 1995;34:178-182.[23]Fanello CI, Karema C, Avellino P, et al. High risk of severe anaemia after chlorproguanil-dapsone+artesunate antimalarial treatment in patients with G6PD (A-) deficiency. PLoS One. 2008;3:e4031.http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004031http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19112496?tool=bestpractice.com 对于其他药物(如阿司匹林),该临床相关性没有如此稳定一致,反映出先天(如剩余酶活性和药物代谢动力学)和后天获得性(如剂量、吸收与药物代谢、并存的感染)因素的相互作用。[2]Cappellini MD, Fiorelli G. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Lancet. 2008;371:64-74.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18177777?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Luzzatto L, Mehta AB, Vulliamy T. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, eds. The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2001:4517-4553. 局部疗法和家用/化妆品药剂(如萘(樟脑丸)和指甲花)也与引起溶血有关。[11]Luzzatto L, Mehta AB, Vulliamy T. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, eds. The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease, 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2001:4517-4553.[24]Katar S, Devecioglu C, Ozbek MN, et al. Henna causes life-threatening hyperbilirubinaemia in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2007;32:235-236.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17342804?tool=bestpractice.com
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 已知会引起G6PD缺乏症患者发生溶血的药物和物质由Atul B. Mehta教授创建 [Citation ends].