多毛症的评估

Rosenfield RL. Clinical practice. Hirsutism. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 15;353(24):2578-88.

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Vermeulen A, Verdonck L, Kaufman JM. A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Oct;84(10):3666-72.

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Schlechte JA. Clinical practice. Prolactinoma. N Engl J Med. 2003 Nov 20;349(21):2035-41.

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White PC, Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev. 2000 Jun;21(3):245-91.

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1.  Deplewski D, Rosenfield RL. Role of hormones in pilosebaceous unit development. Endocr Rev. 2000 Aug;21(4):363-92.

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2.  Rosenfield RL. Clinical practice. Hirsutism. N Engl J Med. 2005 Dec 15;353(24):2578-88.

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3.  Messenger AG. The control of hair growth: an overview. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Jul;101(suppl 1):4S-9S.

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4.  Azziz R. The evaluation and management of hirsutism. Obstet Gynecol. 2003 May;101(5 Pt 1):995-1007.

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5.  DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, et al. Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Apr;91(4):1345-50.

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6.  Martin KA, Anderson RR, Chang RJ, et al. Evaluation and treatment of hirsutism in premenopausal women: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Apr 1;103(4):1233-57.

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7.  Hatch R, Rosenfield RL, Kim MH, et al. Hirsutism: implications, etiology, and management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Aug 1;140(7):815-30.

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8.  Kirschner MA, Samojlik E, Silber D. A comparison of androgen production and clearance in hirsute and obese women. J Steroid Biochem. 1983 Jul;19(1B):607-14.

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9.  Hahn S, Kuehnel W, Tan S, et al. Diagnostic value of calculated testosterone indices in the assessment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2007;45(2):202-7.

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10.  Hopkinson ZEC, Sattar N, Fleming R, et al. Fortnightly review: polycystic ovarian syndrome: the metabolic syndrome comes to gynaecology. BMJ. 1998 Aug 1;317(7154):329-32.

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11.  Barth JH, Field HP, Yasmin E, et al. Defining hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome: measurement of testosterone and androstenedione by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and analysis by receiver operator characteristic plots. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010 Mar;162(3):611-5.

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12.  Pugeat M, Déchaud H, Raverot V et al; French Endocrine Society. Recommendations for investigation of hyperandrogenism. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2010 Feb;71(1):2-7.

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13.  Sathyapalan, T, Atkin SL. Rational testing: Investigating hirsutism. BMJ. 2009 Apr 28;338:b912.

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14.  Ng L, Libertino JM. Adrenocortical carcinoma: diagnosis, evaluation and treatment. J Urol. 2003 Jan;169(1):5-11.

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15.  Fassnacht M, Kenn W, Allolio B. Adrenal tumors: how to establish malignancy? J Endocrinol Invest. 2004 Apr;27(4):387-99.

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16.  Azziz R, Dewailly D, Owerbach D. Clinical review 56: nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia: current concepts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Apr;78(4):810-5.

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17.  Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod. 2004 Jan;19(1):41-7.

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18.  Legro RS, Arslanian SA, Ehrmann DA, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Dec;98(12):4565-92.

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19.  Zawadski JK, Dunaif A. Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rational approach. In: Dunaif A, Givens JR, Haseltine FP, et al., eds. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1992:377-81.

20.  Balen AH, Laven JS, Tan SL, et al. Ultrasound assessment of the polycystic ovary: international consensus definitions. Hum Reprod Update. 2003 Nov-Dec;9(6):505-14.

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21.  Vermeulen A, Verdonck L, Kaufman JM. A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Oct;84(10):3666-72.

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22.  Schlechte JA. Clinical practice. Prolactinoma. N Engl J Med. 2003 Nov 20;349(21):2035-41.

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23.  Azziz R, Sanchez LA, Knochenhauer ES, et al. Androgen excess in women: experience with over 1000 consecutive patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Feb;89(2):453-62.

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24.  White PC, Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Endocr Rev. 2000 Jun;21(3):245-91.

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25.  Nieman LK, Biller BM, Findling JW, et al. The diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 May;93(5):1526-40.

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26.  Findling JW, Raff H. Cushing's Syndrome: important issues in diagnosis and management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Oct;91(10):3746-53.

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