催乳素瘤是最为常见的垂体腺瘤,约占垂体腺瘤的 40%。 催乳素分泌性腺瘤多见于女性患者,主要发生于生育年龄,20-30 岁为发病高峰期,据估计,女性和男性发病比例为 10:1。[1]Gillam MP, Molitch ME, Lombardi G, et al. Advances in the treatment of prolactinomas. Endocr Rev. 2006 Aug;27(5):485-534.https://academic.oup.com/edrv/article/27/5/485/2355195http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16705142?tool=bestpractice.com 在老年人群中这种性别差异不明显,50 岁后,男性和女性患催乳素瘤的发生率相似。[2]Mindermann T, Wilson CB. Age-related and gender-related occurrence of pituitary adenomas. Clin Endocrinol. 1994 Sep;41(3):359-64.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7893282?tool=bestpractice.com 该疾病准确患病率未知。 但是,一项研究发现,在比利时,每百万居民中约有 620 人患有催乳素瘤。[3]Daly AF, Rixhon M, Adam C, et al. High prevalence of pituitary adenomas: a cross-sectional study in the province of Liege, Belgium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Dec;91(12):4769-75.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968795?tool=bestpractice.com