BMJ Best Practice

预后

Uncomplicated superficial vein thrombophlebitis (SVT) is generally considered to be a benign and self-limiting condition. Not much is known about its natural course and prognosis except that symptoms generally subside in 1 to 2 weeks, though hardness of the vein may persist for longer. If, however, there is concomitant venous thromboembolism (VTE), such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE), then the course may be more prolonged and anticoagulation may be required for ≥3 months. In addition, complications of DVT or PE include VTE recurrence, as well as chronic venous insufficiency and post-thrombotic syndrome in the case of DVT.

Depending on the presence or absence of underlying risk factors such as varicose veins, malignancy, previous VTE, and/or family history of VTE, the risk of SVT recurrence ranges anywhere between 1.6% to 12.2% in treated patients and 3.3% to 36.7% in untreated patients.[67][68] 此外，经抗凝或非甾体抗炎药 (NSAID) 治疗的 SVT 患者，发生后续的深静脉血栓形成或肺动脉栓塞的风险为 0-5.5%。[67] 在静脉曲张部位复发的 SVT，外科手术（例如硬化疗法）可以降低复发的风险。

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