阿弗他溃疡

Scully C. Clinical practice: aphthous ulceration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:165-172.

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Scully C, Gorsky M, Lozada-Nur F. The diagnosis and management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a consensus approach. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003;134:200-207.

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Letsinger JA, McCarty MA, Jorizzo JL. Complex aphthosis: a large case series with evaluation algorithm and therapeutic ladder from topicals to thalidomide. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52:500-508.

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Liu C, Zhou Z, Liu G, et al. Efficacy and safety of dexamethasone ointment on recurrent aphthous ulceration. Am J Med. 2012;125:292-301.

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Brocklehurst P, Tickle M, Glenny AM, et al. Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD005411.

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1.  Scully C. Clinical practice: aphthous ulceration. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:165-172.

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2.  Scully C, Shotts R. ABC of oral health: mouth ulcers and other causes of orofacial soreness and pain. BMJ. 2000;321:162-165.

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3.  Scully C, Gorsky M, Lozada-Nur F. The diagnosis and management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a consensus approach. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003;134:200-207.

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4.  Baccaglini L, Lalla RV, Bruce AJ, et al. Urban legends: recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Dis. 2011;17:755-770.

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5.  Scully C, Felix DH. Oral medicine - update for the dental practitioner. Aphthous and other common ulcers. Br Dent J. 2005;199:259-264.

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6.  Scully C, Porter S. Oral mucosal disease: recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46:198-206.

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7.  Kleinman DV, Swango PA, Pindborg JJ. Epidemiology of oral mucosal lesions in United States schoolchildren: 1986-87. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1994;22:243-253.

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8.  Sircus W, Church R, Kelleher J. Recurrent aphthous ulceration of the mouth: a study of the natural history, aetiology, and treatment. Q J Med. 1957;26:235-249.

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9.  Shohat-Zabarski R, Kalderon S, Klein T, et al. Close association of HLA-B51 in persons with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol.1992;74:455-458.

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10.  Hasan A, Childerstone A, Pervin K, et al. Recognition of a unique peptide epitope of the mycobacterial and human heat shock protein 65-60 antigen by T cells of patients with recurrent oral ulcers. Clin Exp Immunol. 1995;99:392-397.

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11.  Tuzun B, Wolf R, Tuzun Y, et al. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39:358-360.

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12.  Atkin PA, Xu X, Thornhill MH. Minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and smoking: an epidemiological study measuring plasma cotinine. Oral Dis. 2002;8:173-176.

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13.  Jurge S, Kuffer R, Scully C, et al. Mucosal disease series. Number VI. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Dis. 2006;12:1-21.

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14.  Wray D, Ferguson MM, Mason DK, et al. Recurrent aphthae: treatment with vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron. BMJ. 1975;2:490-493.

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15.  Olson JA, Feinberg I, Silverman S Jr, et al. Serum vitamin B12, folate, and iron levels in recurrent aphthous ulceration. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1982;54: 517-520.

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16.  Wray D, Graykowski EA, Notkins AL. Role of mucosal injury in initiating recurrent aphthous stomatitis. BMJ (Clin Res Ed). 1981;283:1569-1570.

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17.  McCartan BE, Lamey PJ, Wallace AM. Salivary cortisol and anxiety in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Oral Pathol Med. 1996;25:357-359.

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18.  McCullough MJ, Abdel-Hafeth S, Scully C. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis revisited: clinical features, associations, and new association with infant feeding practices? J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36:615-620.

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19.  Healy CM, Paterson M, Joyston-Bechal S, et al. The effect of a sodium lauryl sulfate-free dentifrice on patients with recurrent oral ulceration. Oral Dis. 1999;5:39-43.

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20.  Taylor LJ, Bagg J, Walker DM, et al. Increased production of tumour necrosis factor by peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with recurrent oral aphthous ulceration. J Oral Pathol Med. 1992;21:21-25.

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21.  Natah SS, Hayrinen-Immonen R, Hietanen J, et al. Increased density of lymphocytes bearing gamma/delta T-cell receptors in recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU). Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000;29:375-380.

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22.  Scully C, MacFadyen E, Campbell A. Oral manifestations in cyclic neutropenia. Br J Oral Surg. 1982;20:96-101.

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23.  Yazici H, Fresko I, Yurdakul S. Behcet's syndrome: disease manifestations, management, and advances in treatment. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2007;3:148-155.

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24.  Orme RL, Nordlund JJ, Barich L, et al. The MAGIC syndrome (mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage). Arch Dermatol. 1990;126:940-944.

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25.  Femiano F, Lanza A, Buonaiuto C, et al. Oral aphthous-like lesions, PFAPA syndrome: a review. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008;37:319-323.

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26.  Scully C, Hodgson T. Recurrent oral ulceration: aphthous-like ulcers in periodic syndromes. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008;106:845-852.

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27.  Rehberger A, Puspok A, Stallmeister T, et al. Crohn's disease masquerading as aphthous ulcers. Eur J Dermatol.1998;8:274-276.

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28.  Shotts RH, Scully C, Avery CM, et al. Nicorandil-induced severe oral ulceration:a newly recognized drug reaction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endol. 1999;87:706-707.

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29.  Zakrzewska JM, Robinson P, Williams IG. Severe oral ulceration in patients with HIV infection: a case series. Oral Dis. 1997;3(suppl 1):S194-S196.

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30.  Femiano F, Gombos F, Scully C. Sweet's syndrome: recurrent oral ulceration, pyrexia, thrombophlebitis, and cutaneous lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2003;95:324-327.

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31.  Femiano F, Gombos F, Nunziata M, et al. Pemphigus mimicking aphthous stomatitis. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005;34:508-510.

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32.  Letsinger JA, McCarty MA, Jorizzo JL. Complex aphthosis: a large case series with evaluation algorithm and therapeutic ladder from topicals to thalidomide. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52:500-508.

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33.  Volkov I, Rudoy I, Freud T, et al. Effectiveness of vitamin B12 in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Board Fam Med. 2009;22:9-16.

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34.  Gulcan E, Toker S, Hatipoğlu H, et al. Cyanocobalamin may be beneficial in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers even when vitamin B12 levels are normal. Am J Med Sci. 2008;336:379-382.

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35.  Liu HL, Chiu S, Chen KH. Effectiveness of vitamin B12 on recurrent aphthous stomatitis in long term care: a systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2013;11:281-307.

36.  Liu C, Zhou Z, Liu G, et al. Efficacy and safety of dexamethasone ointment on recurrent aphthous ulceration. Am J Med. 2012;125:292-301.

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37.  Matthews RW, Scully CM, Levers BG, et al. Clinical evaluation of benzydamine, chlorhexidine, and placebo mouthwashes in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987;63:189-191.

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38.  Greer RO Jr, Lindenmuth JE, Juarez T, et al. A double-blind study of topically applied 5% amlexanox in the treatment of aphthous ulcers. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1993;51:243-248.

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39.  Murray B, MacGuinness N, Biagioni P, et al. A comparative study of the efficacy of Aphtheal in the management of recurrent minor aphthous ulceration. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005;34:413-419.

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40.  Murray B, Biagioni A, Lamey PJ. The efficacy of amelxanox OraDisc on the prevention of recurrent minor aphthous ulceration. J Oral Pathol Med. 2006;35:117-122.

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41.  Addy M, Tapper-Jones L, Seal M. Trial of astringent and antibacterial mouthwashes in the management of recurrent aphthous ulceration. Br Dent J. 1974;136:452-455.

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42.  Addy M, Carpenter R, Roberts WR. Management of recurrent aphthous ulceration: a trial of chlorhexidine gluconate gel. Br Dent J. 1976;141:118-120.

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43.  Addy M. Hibitane in the treatment of aphthous ulceration. J Clin Periodontol. 1977;4:108-116.

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44.  Hunter L, Addy M. Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash in the management of minor aphthous ulceration: a double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over trial. Br Dent J. 1987;162:106-110.

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45.  Graykowski EA, Kingman A. Double-blind trial of tetracycline in recurrent aphthous ulceration. J Oral Pathol. 1978;7:376-382.

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46.  Hayrinen-Immonen R, Sorsa T, Pettila J, et al. Effect of tetracyclines on collagenase activity in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers. J Oral Pathol Med. 1994;23:269-272.

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47.  Brocklehurst P, Tickle M, Glenny AM, et al. Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD005411.

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48.  Hello M, Barbarot S, Bastuji-Garin S, et al. Use of thalidomide for severe recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a multicenter cohort analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2010;89:176-182.

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49.  Revuz J, Guillaume JC, Janier M, et al. Crossover study of thalidomide vs placebo in severe recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Arch Dermatol. 1990;126:923-927.

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50.  Nicolau DP, West TE. Thalidomide: treatment of severe recurrent aphthous stomatitis in patients with AIDS. DICP. 1990;24:1054-1056.

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51.  O'Neill ID, Scully C. Biologics in oral medicine: principles of use and practical considerations. Oral Dis. 2012;18:525-536.

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52.  O'Neill ID, Scully C. Biologics in oral medicine: ulcerative disorders. Oral Dis. 2013;19:37-45.

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53.  Robinson ND, Guitart J. Recalcitrant, recurrent aphthous stomatitis treated with etanercept. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139:1259-1262.

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54.  Vujevich J, Zirwas M. Treatment of severe, recalcitrant, major aphthous stomatitis with adalimumab. Cutis. 2005;76:129-132.

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55.  O'Neill ID. Off-label use of biologicals in the management of inflammatory oral mucosal disease. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008;37:575-581.

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56.  Leao JC, Duarte A, Gueiros LA, et al. Severe oral epithelial dysplasia in a patient receiving adalimumab therapy. J Oral Pathol Med. 2005;34:447-448.

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57.  Kuehn BM. Rare neurological condition linked to newer monoclonal antibody biologics. JAMA. 2009;301:1423-1424.

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58.  Lalla RV, Choquette LE, Feinn RS, et al. Multivitamin therapy for recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Dent Assoc. 2012;143:370-376.

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