接触通常发生在诸如寄宿学校、学生宿舍或军事训练营等人口密集的社区环境中。如果某患者出现症状,应考虑将该患者带离该密集的接触环境,以避免发生潜在的爆发情形。若遇到在人口密集的接触环境中发生肺炎支原体流行,可考虑对接触人员使用短程阿奇霉素或多西环素进行预防性治疗,以便控制疾病流行。[45]Klausner JD, Passaro D, Rosenberg J, et al. Enhanced control of an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with azithromycin prophylaxis. J Infect Dis. 1998;177:161-166.http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/177/1/161.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9419183?tool=bestpractice.com[46]Hyde TB, Gilbert M, Schwartz SB. Azithromycin prophylaxis during a hospital outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. J Infect Dis. 2001;183:907-912.http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/183/6/907.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11237807?tool=bestpractice.com