直接接触感染患者的呼吸道分泌物是百日咳主要的传染源。[4]Public Health England. Guidelines for the public health management of pertussis in England. December 2016. http://www.gov.uk (last accessed 14 March 2017).https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/pertussis-guidelines-for-public-health-management[22]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated recommendations for use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine in adults aged 65 years and older - Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61:468-470.http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6125a4.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22739778?tool=bestpractice.com[23]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pertussis. In: Atkinson W, Wolfe S, Hamborsky J, eds. Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases. 12th ed. Washington DC: Public Health Foundation; 2012.http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/pert.html[27]Wendelboe AM, Njamkepo E, Bourillon A, et al. Transmission of Bordetella pertussis to young infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26:293-299.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17414390?tool=bestpractice.com百日咳具有高度传染性,接触首例病例后全家80%都会发展成临床病例。[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com[11]World Health Organization. Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2010;85:385-400.http://www.who.int/wer/2010/wer8540.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20939150?tool=bestpractice.com百日咳博德特菌能进入吞噬性白细胞和非吞噬性细胞内并存活下来。但目前对其发病机理及对宿主免疫反应仍不明确。[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com[2]Kretsinger K, Broder KR, Cortese MM, et al. Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adults: use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;55:1-33.http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5517a1.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17167397?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Cortese MM, Baughman AL, Brown K, et al. A "new age" in pertussis prevention new opportunities through adult vaccination. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32:177-185.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17296469?tool=bestpractice.com百日咳博德特菌感染首先可导致原发性百日咳性肺炎,继而导致呼吸衰竭和死亡。[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com[24]Wang K, Bettiol S, Thompson MJ, et al. Symptomatic treatment of the cough in whooping cough. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(9):CD003257.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003257.pub5/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25243777?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Hallander HO, Gnarpe J, Gnarpe H, et al. Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae and persistent cough in children. Scand J Infect Dis. 1999;31:281-286.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10482058?tool=bestpractice.com菌血症并不会发生。[1]Mattoo S, Cherry JD. Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:326-382.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15831828?tool=bestpractice.com