出汗不良性皮炎的病因未知。已研究一些危险因素和潜在诱发因素。有关特应性皮炎是否增加了患病的风险存在相互矛盾的证据。[4]Lodi A, Betti R, Chiarelli G, et al. Epidemiological, clinical and allergological observations on pompholyx. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26:17-21.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1534730?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Edman B. Palmar eczema: a pathogenic role for acetylsalicyclic acid, contraceptives and smoking? Acta Derm Venereol. 1988;68:402-407.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2461023?tool=bestpractice.com 一些研究者已发现,接触性过敏反应(尤其是与金属接触)与出汗不良性皮炎相关,而另一些则没有。[6]Lehucher-Michel MP, Koeppel MC, Lanteaume A, et al. Dyshidrotic eczema and occupation: a descriptive study. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;43:200-205.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011918?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Bryld LE, Agner T, Menne T. Relationship between vesicular eruptions on the hands and tinea pedis, atopic dermatitis and nickel allergy. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83:186-188.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12816153?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Prystupa K, Rudzki E. Oral tolerance of nickel in patients with dyshidrosis. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:276-277.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10789843?tool=bestpractice.com 有报道,对于镍过敏的患者,即使全身给予金属药物后仍可出现出汗不良性皮炎样皮疹。
[9]Veien NK, Hattel T, Justesen O, et al. Oral challenge with metal salts. (I). Vesicular patch-test-negative hand eczema. Contact Dermatitis. 1983;9:402-406.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6226480?tool=bestpractice.com认为手掌和足底上的小汗腺导管密度高可能导致发汗时金属浓缩在皮肤表面,从而使得镍过敏患者出现皮疹。[10]Crosti C, Lodi A. Pompholyx: A still unresolved kind of eczema. Dermatol. 1993;186:241-242.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8513186?tool=bestpractice.com多汗对于一部分出汗不良性皮炎人群来说是一种加重因素。[4]Lodi A, Betti R, Chiarelli G, et al. Epidemiological, clinical and allergological observations on pompholyx. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26:17-21.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1534730?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Yokozeki H, Katayama I, Nishioka K, et al. The role of metal allergy and local hyperhidrosis in the pathogenesis of pompholyx. J Dermatol. 1992;19:964-967.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293189?tool=bestpractice.com 常见刺激物(例如水、洗涤剂和溶剂)也可加剧某些患者的疾病。[12]Wollina U, Abdel Naser MB. Pharmacotherapy of pompholyx. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2004;5:1517-1522.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15212602?tool=bestpractice.com一项研究显示了出汗不良与吸烟、口服避孕药及乙酰水杨酸间的相关性。[5]Edman B. Palmar eczema: a pathogenic role for acetylsalicyclic acid, contraceptives and smoking? Acta Derm Venereol. 1988;68:402-407.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2461023?tool=bestpractice.com情绪压力也可诱发出汗障碍性皮炎的暴发,[13]Shenefelt PD. Psychodermatological disorders: recognition and treatment. Int J Dermatol. 2011;50:1309-1322.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22004480?tool=bestpractice.com但疾病与性别或年龄无关。[2]Agrup G. Hand eczema and other hand dermatoses in south Sweden. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh). 1969;49(Suppl 61):5-91.[3]Magina S, Barros MA, Ferreira JA, et al. Atopy, nickel sensitivity, occupation, and clinical patterns in different types of hand dermatitis. Am J Contact Dermat. 2003;14:63-68.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14749022?tool=bestpractice.com[4]Lodi A, Betti R, Chiarelli G, et al. Epidemiological, clinical and allergological observations on pompholyx. Contact Dermatitis. 1992;26:17-21.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1534730?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Lehucher-Michel MP, Koeppel MC, Lanteaume A, et al. Dyshidrotic eczema and occupation: a descriptive study. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;43:200-205.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11011918?tool=bestpractice.com