临床实践中最常见的疾病之一。急性支气管炎是最常见的成人门诊诊断，美国每年约有 1 亿次 (10%) 门诊就诊。[3]Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A, et al. Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164:425-434.http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2481815http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26785402?tool=bestpractice.com在英国，每年每 1000 名患者就有 300 至 400 次的呼吸道感染相关咨询。[4]Gulliford MC, van Staa T, McDermott L, et al. Cluster randomised trial in the general practice research database: 1. electronic decision support to reduce antibiotic prescribing in primary care (eCRT study). Trials. 2011;12:115.https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1745-6215-12-115http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21569237?tool=bestpractice.com
秋季和冬季发病率最高。[5]Adams P, Hendershot G, Marano M, eds. Current Estimates From the National Health Interview Survey, 1996. Hyattsville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of Health Research, Statistics and Technology. National Center for Health Statistics; 1999.
