发病率和患病率取决于鱼鳞病的类型和所研究的人群。 寻常型鱼鳞病是最常见的鱼鳞病类型,英国人群的患病率大约为1/250,[2]Wells RS, Kerr CB. Clinical features of autosomal dominant and sex-inked ichthyosis in an English population. Br Med J. 1966;1:947-950.http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1844863 而中国人群的患病率为 2.29%。[3]Lei G, Zhang Y, Hu Y. Investigation on the prevalence of ichthyosis in Sichuan province. Chin J Dermatol. 1992;25:105-106. 每2000 - 6000名男性中大约有1例发生X连锁鱼鳞病。[2]Wells RS, Kerr CB. Clinical features of autosomal dominant and sex-inked ichthyosis in an English population. Br Med J. 1966;1:947-950.http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1844863 其他原发性鱼鳞病、常染色体隐性先天性鱼鳞病和表皮松解性鱼鳞病,发生率更低,患病率估计大约为 1/30 万。[4]Al-Zayir AA, Al-Amro Al-Alakloby OM. Clinico-epidemiological features of primary hereditary ichthyoses in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45:257-264.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16533225?tool=bestpractice.com