预防电击伤应包括针对家庭和工作场所的安全计划,应尤其考虑儿童的安全。[10]Baker MD, Chiaviello C. Household electrical injuries in children. Epidemiology and identification of avoidable hazards. Am J Dis Child. 1989;143:59-62.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2910046?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Kendrick D, Young B, Mason-Jones AJ, et al. Home safety education and provision of safety equipment for injury prevention. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(9):CD005014.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD005014.pub3/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22972081?tool=bestpractice.com了解电击的危害和电击伤的可能原因,对建筑行业的所有工作人员来说是必不可少的。[1]US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Worker deaths by electrocution: a summary of NIOSH surveillance and investigative findings. May 1998. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh (last accessed 2 June 2017).https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/98-131/pdfs/98-131.pdf
针对雷电,没有绝对的安全性保护措施。如果可以看到闪电或听到雷声,就存在危险,而且一直持续到暴风雨结束后 30 分钟。大型封闭式建筑比小型或开放式建筑更安全。在发生暴风雨的区域内,请尽量避开有水的地方、高处、无防护的小型建筑、空旷的原野、孤立的树木和金属塔。窗户关闭的封闭金属车辆(包括校车)可提供良好的保护。[15]National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Avoiding the risks of deadly
lightning strikes. June 2001. http://www.noaa.gov (last accessed 2 June 2017).http://www.latrobe.edu.au/education/downloads/lightningsafety.pdf