与慢性和重度生长停滞相关联。 与长期的生长、认知功能和学习成绩受限有关。[31]Walker SP, Chang SM, Powell CA, et al. Effects of early childhood psychosocial stimulation and nutritional supplementation on cognition and education in growth-stunted Jamaican children: prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2005 Nov 19;366(9499):1804-7.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16298218?tool=bestpractice.com[32]Berkman DS, Lescano AG, Gilman RH, et al. Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late childhood: a follow-up study. Lancet. 2002 Feb 16;359(9306):564-71.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11867110?tool=bestpractice.com 早期发育迟缓(尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家)可能会增加肥胖的风险,导致早期营养不良以及后续肥胖的双重负担。[33]Pomeroy E, Stock JT, Stanojevic S, et al. Stunting, adiposity, and the individual-level "dual burden" among urban lowland and rural highland peruvian children. Am J Hum Biol. 2014 Jul-Aug;26(4):481-90.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajhb.22551/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24706334?tool=bestpractice.com[34]Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013 Aug 3;382(9890):427-451.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23746772?tool=bestpractice.com
Assessment of short stature
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