干眼症

体征和症状可能与干眼症非常相似。

不存在区分干眼症和红眼的特异性试验。应在红眼的鉴别诊断中考虑干眼症。

有症状的口干和疲乏以及干眼症。

对至少一个以下问题的肯定回应可以确定口腔症状：您有在超过 3 个月的时间内每日都感觉到口干吗？您作为成年人有反复或持久的唾液腺肿胀吗？您经常通过喝水来帮助吞咽干燥食品吗？[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

唾液功能试验显示涎管扩张（唾液腺导管扩张）和标记的唾液分泌延迟或缺乏。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

25% 的患者全血细胞计数 (FBC) 结果显示贫血。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

血清学发现Ro（Sjogren综合征抗原 A [SSA]）或 La（Sjogren综合征抗原 B [SSB]）抗原的抗体，或者二者均存在于血清中。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

有症状性口干和疲乏以及干眼症的患者，可能具有表明其他潜在结缔组织病的病史和检查发现。例如，类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬化症和/或混合型结缔组织疾病。

对至少一个以下问题的肯定回应可以确定口腔症状：您有在超过 3 个月的时间内每日都感觉到口干吗？您作为成年人有反复或持久的唾液腺肿胀吗？您经常通过喝水来帮助吞咽干燥食品吗？[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

唾液功能试验显示涎管扩张（唾液腺导管扩张）和标记的唾液分泌延迟或缺乏。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

75% 的患者全血细胞计数 (FBC) 结果显示贫血。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

血清学显示 Ro (SSA) 或 La (SSB) 抗原的抗体，或者二者均存在于血清中。[1]International Dry Eye Workshop. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop (2007). Ocul Surf. 2007;5:75-93.http://www.tearfilm.org/dewsreporthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17508116?tool=bestpractice.com

既往眼部病史和/或病史可能提示睑板腺功能障碍。

可能存在头皮变化，包括脂溢性皮炎和/或脱屑/油性皮肤。

红斑痤疮患者通常患有睑板腺功能障碍/睑缘炎。

裂隙灯检查显示泪膜不稳定且泪膜破裂时间加快。