翼状胬肉

Saw SM, Tan D. Pterygium: prevalence, demography and risk factors. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1999;6:219-228.

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Mackenzie FD, Hirst LW, Battistutta D, et al. Risk analysis in the development of pterygia. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:1056-1061.

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Di Girolamo N, Chui J, Coroneo MT, et al. Pathogenesis of pterygia: role of cytokines, growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinases. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004;23:195-228.

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Youngson RM. Recurrence of pterygium after excision. Br J Ophthalmol. 1972;56:120-125.

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Allan BD, Short P, Crawford GJ, et al. Pterygium excision with conjunctival autografting: an effective and safe technique. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77:698-701.

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Al Fayez MF. Limbal versus conjunctival autograft transplantation for advanced and recurrent pterygium. Ophthalmology. 2002;109:1752-1755.

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Ozdamar Y, Mutevelli S, Han U, et al. A comparative study of tissue glue and vicryl suture for closing limbal conjunctival autografts and histologic evaluation after pterygium excision. Cornea. 2008;27:552-558.

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Ozer A, Yildirim N, Erol N, et al. Long-term results of bare sclera, limbal-conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane graft techniques in primary pterygium excisions. Ophthalmologica. 2009;223:269-273.

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1.  O'Brart DP, Corbett MC, Rosen ES. The topography of corneal disease. Eur J Implant Ref Surg. 1995;7:173-183.

2.  Gumus K, Erkilic K, Tpaktas D, et al. Effect of pterygia on refractive indices, corneal topography, and ocular aberrations. Cornea. 2011;30:24-29.

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3.  Saw SM, Tan D. Pterygium: prevalence, demography and risk factors. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1999;6:219-228.

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4.  Youngson RM. Pterygium in Israel. Am J Ophthalmol. 1972;74:954-959.

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5.  Sivasubramaniam P. Pterygium in Ceylon. Br J Ophthalmol. 1971;55:55-59.

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6.  Mackenzie FD, Hirst LW, Battistutta D, et al. Risk analysis in the development of pterygia. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:1056-1061.

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7.  Di Girolamo N, Chui J, Coroneo MT, et al. Pathogenesis of pterygia: role of cytokines, growth factors, and matrix metalloproteinases. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004;23:195-228.

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8.  Tong L, Chew J, Yang H, et al. Distinct gene subsets in pterygia formation and recurrence: dissecting complex biological phenomenon using genome wide expression data. BMC Med Genomics. 2009;2:14.

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9.  *Duplicate*Otlu B, Emre S, Turkcuoglu P, et al. Investigation of human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus DNAs in pterygium tissue. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2009;19:175-179.

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10.  Anguria P, Kitinya J, Ntuli S, et al. The role of heredity in pterygium development. Int J Ophthalmol. 2014;7:563-573.

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11.  Coroneo MT. Pterygium as an early indicator of ultraviolet insolation: a hypothesis. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77:734-739.

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12.  Dushku N, Reid TW. Immunohistochemical evidence that human pterygia originate from an invasion of vimentin-expressing altered limbal epithelial basal cells. Curr Eye Res. 1994;13:473-481.

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13.  Di Girolamo N. Association of human papilloma virus with pterygia and ocular-surface squamous neoplasia. Eye (Lond). 2012;26:202-211.

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14.  Youngson RM. Recurrence of pterygium after excision. Br J Ophthalmol. 1972;56:120-125.

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15.  Allan BD, Short P, Crawford GJ, et al. Pterygium excision with conjunctival autografting: an effective and safe technique. Br J Ophthalmol. 1993;77:698-701.

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16.  Al Fayez MF. Limbal versus conjunctival autograft transplantation for advanced and recurrent pterygium. Ophthalmology. 2002;109:1752-1755.

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17.  Zheng K, Cai J, Jhanji V, et al. Comparison of pterygium recurrence rates after limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation and other techniques: meta-analysis. Cornea. 2012;31:1422-1427.

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18.  Ozdamar Y, Mutevelli S, Han U, et al. A comparative study of tissue glue and vicryl suture for closing limbal conjunctival autografts and histologic evaluation after pterygium excision. Cornea. 2008;27:552-558.

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19.  Ratnalingham V, Eu AL, Ng GL, et al. Fibrin adhesive is better than sutures in pterygium surgery. Cornea. 2010;29:485-489.

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20.  Shi YJ, Yan ZG, Yue HY, et al. Meta-analysis of fibrin glue for attaching conjunctival autografts in pterygium surgery. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2011;47:550-554.

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21.  Pan HW, Zhong JX, Jing CX. Comparison of fibrin glue versus suture for conjunctival autografting in pterygium surgery: a meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2011;118:1049-1054.

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22.  Ma DH, See LC, Liau SB, et al. Amniotic membrane graft for primary pterygium: comparison with conjunctival autograft and topical mitomycin C treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000;84:973-978.

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23.  Luanratanakorn P, Ratanapakorn T, Suwan-Apichon O, et al. Randomised controlled study of conjunctival autograft versus amniotic membrane graft in pterygium excision. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90:1476-1480.

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24.  Li M, Zhu M, Yu Y, et al. Comparison of conjunctival autograft transplantation and amniotic membrane transplantation for pterygium: a meta-analysis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2012;250:375-381.

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25.  Ozer A, Yildirim N, Erol N, et al. Long-term results of bare sclera, limbal-conjunctival autograft and amniotic membrane graft techniques in primary pterygium excisions. Ophthalmologica. 2009;223:269-273.

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26.  Page MA, Fraunfelder FW. Safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability of lidocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic gel as a topical ocular anesthetic for use in ophthalmic procedures. Clin Ophthalmol. 2009;3:601-609.

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27.  Asregadoo ER. Surgery, thio-tepa, and corticosteroid in the treatment of pterygium. Am J Ophthalmol. 1972;74:960-963.

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28.  Singh G, Wilson MR, Foster CS. Long-term follow-up study of mitomycin eye drops as adjunctive treatment of pterygia and its comparison with conjunctival autograft transplantation. Cornea. 1990;9:331-334.

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29.  Frucht-Pery J, Siganos CS, Ilsar M. Intraoperative application of topical mitomycin C for pterygium surgery. Ophthalmology. 1996;103:674-677.

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30.  Dadeya S, Kamlesh MS. Intraoperative daunorubicin to prevent the recurrence of pterygium after excision. Cornea. 2001;20:172-174.

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31.  Bahrassa F, Datta R. Postoperative beta radiation treatment of pterygium. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1983;9:679-684.

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32.  Kal HB, Veen RE, Jürgenliemk-Schulz IM. Dose-effect relationships for recurrence of keloid and pterygium after surgery and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009;74:245-251.

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33.  Bekibele CO, Ashaye A, Olusanya B, et al. 5-Fluorouracil versus mitomycin C as adjuncts to conjunctival autograft in preventing pterygium recurrence. Int Ophthalmol. 2012;32:3-8.

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34.  Rubinfeld RS, Pfister RR, Stein RM, et al. Serious complications of topical mitomycin-C after pterygium surgery. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:1647-1654.

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35.  Moriarty AP, Crawford GJ, McAllister IL, et al. Severe corneoscleral infection. A complication of beta irradiation scleral necrosis following pterygium excision. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993;111:947-951.

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36.  Kheirkhah A, Izadi A, Kiarudi MY, et al. Effects of mitomycin C on corneal endothelial cell counts in pterygium surgery: role of application location. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151:488-493.

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37.  Young AL, Ho M, Jhanji V, et al. Ten-year results of a randomized controlled trial comparing 0.02% mitomycin C and limbal conjunctival autograft in pterygium surgery. Ophthalmology. 2013;120:2390-2395.

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38.  Fallah MR, Khosravi K, Hashemian MN, et al. Efficacy of topical bevacizumab for inhibiting growth of impending recurrent pterygium. Curr Eye Res. 2010;35:17-22.

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39.  Hu Q, Qiao Y, Nie X,et al. Bevacizumab in the treatment of pterygium: a meta-analysis. Cornea. 2014;33:154-160.

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40.  Mandalos A, Tsakpinis D, Karayannopoulou G, et al. The effect of subconjunctival ranibizumab on primary pterygium: a pilot study. Cornea. 2010;29:1373-1379.

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41.  Fallah Tafti MR, Khosravifard K, Mohammadpour M, et al. Efficacy of intralesional bevacizumab injection in decreasing pterygium size. Cornea. 2011;30:127-129.

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42.  Oellers P, Karp CL, Sheth A, et al. Prevalence, treatment, and outcomes of coexistent ocular surface squamous neoplasia and pterygium. Ophthalmology. 2013;120:445-450.

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43.  Chui J, Coroneo MT, Tat LT, et al. Ophthalmic pterygium: a stem cell disorder with premalignant features. Am J Pathol. 2011;178:817-827.

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44.  Clearfield E, Muthappan V, Wang X, et al. Conjunctival autograft for pterygium. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(2):CD011349.

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