考虑到无明确定义或诊断标准且经常属于排除性诊断,因此很难测定该病的准确发病率。纤维囊性变化的估算发病率随年龄增长而增加,25-29 岁的女性年发病率为 137/100,000,40-44 岁的女性年发病率为 411/100,000,而 45-49 岁的女性年发病率则为 387/100,000,之后降低。[3]Goehring C, Morabia A. Epidemiology of benign breast disease, with special attention to histologic types. Epidemiol Rev. 1997;19:310-327.http://epirev.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/19/2/310.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9494790?tool=bestpractice.com发病率高峰出现于 20-40 岁女性中,此时乳房中可触及结节的弥漫程度可能会上升。女性临近绝经期时囊肿发病率会更高。尸检研究的组织学证据发现,54% 的临床正常乳房会发生纤维囊性变化。[4]Sarnelli R, Squartini F. Fibrocystic condition and "at risk" lesions in asymptomatic breasts: a morphologic study of postmenopausal women. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1991;18:271-279.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1790612?tool=bestpractice.com