口腔黏膜炎

局部疗法

目前已有多种不同类别的漱口水或口腔喷雾剂在市场上销售。[30]Lalla RV, Peterson DE. Treatment of mucositis, including new medications. Cancer J. 2006;12:348-354.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17034671?tool=bestpractice.com包括过饱和钙/磷酸电解液漱口水，几种局涂药，局涂药的主要目的是通过覆盖口腔溃疡创面以减少疼痛。到这次更新为止，由于证据不足，癌症支持治疗多国协会和国际口腔肿瘤协会 (MASCC/ISOO) 指南不推荐使用这些药物中的任何一种。[9]Lalla RV, Bowen J, Barasch A, et al. MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. Cancer. 2014;120:1453-1461.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164022/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24615748?tool=bestpractice.com[25]Saunders DP, Epstein JB, Elad S, et al. Systematic review of antimicrobials, mucosal coating agents, anesthetics, and analgesics for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21:3191-3207.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23832272?tool=bestpractice.com后续研究仍在进行。一项研究支持预防性使用地塞米松漱口水来治疗继发于依维莫司的口腔黏膜炎。[31]Rugo H, Seneviratne L, Beck J, et al. Prevention of everolimus/exemestane (EVE/EXE) stomatitis in postmenopausal (PM) women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using a dexamethasone-based mouthwash (MW): results of the SWISH trial. 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting;abstract 525. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:525.http://meetinglibrary.asco.org/content/162147-176几种其他药物也在临床开发中，其中许多都具有抗炎效果。