美沙拉嗪
美沙拉嗪是一种抗炎性反应用药。其机制是抑制炎症级联反应的主要炎症因子及内源性抗氧化运动。对于憩室病，其基本应用原理与炎症性肠病相似，但其确切的机制并不明确。尽管早期试验已表明复发性急性憩室炎的发病率降低，[56]DiMario F, Aragona G, Leandro G, et al. Efficacy of mesalamine in the treatment of symptomatic diverticular disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2005 Mar;50(3):581-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15810646?tool=bestpractice.com[57]DiMario F, Comparato G, Fanigliulo L, et al. Use of mesalazine in diverticular disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006 Aug;40(Suppl 3):S155-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16885700?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Gatta L, Vakil N, Vaira D, et al. Efficacy of 5-ASA in the treatment of colonic diverticular disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2010 Feb;44(2):113-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19561530?tool=bestpractice.com[59]Tursi A, Joseph RE, Streck P, et al. Expanding applications: the potential usage of 5-aminosalicylic acid in diverticular disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Nov;56(11):3112-21.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21567193?tool=bestpractice.com 但一项大型、多中心、随机对照试验结果显示，其在预防憩室炎复发或减少再次手术治疗需求方面并无任何益处。[60]Raskin JB, Kamm MA, Jamal MM, et al. Mesalamine did not prevent recurrent diverticulitis in phase 3 controlled trials. Gastroenterology. 2014 Oct;147(4):793-802.http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085%2814%2900900-7/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25038431?tool=bestpractice.com [ 
]For people with diverticulitis, how does mesalamine (5-ASA) compare with placebo for prevention of recurrence?https://cochranelibrary.com/cca/doi/10.1002/cca.1968/full显示答案然而，其可能适合应用于急性憩室炎反复发作的患者，特别是那些无意愿或无法行外科治疗的患者。
利福昔明
利福昔明是一种针对消化道感染的抗生素。临床试验表明其能降低复发性急性憩室炎的发病率。[61]Tursi A, Brandimarte G, Daffina R. Long-term treatment with mesalamine and rifaxin versus rifaximin alone for patients with recurrent attacks of acute diverticulitis of colon. Dig Liver Dis. 2002 Jul;34(7):510-5.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12236485?tool=bestpractice.com 利福昔明一般与美沙拉嗪一同应用。对于简单型憩室炎患者，有证据表明，应用利福昔明联合纤维补充剂能明显缓解症状并能预防远期并发症的发生。[62]Bianchi M, Festa V, Moretti A, et al. Meta-analysis: long-term therapy with rifaximin in the management of uncomplicated diverticular disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Apr;33(8):902-10.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04606.x/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21366632?tool=bestpractice.com
益生菌
益生菌是有活性的微生物制剂，其可以改变微生物群落来增加健康方面的获益。乳杆菌和非致病性大肠埃希菌等益生菌已被用于减轻非复杂性憩室病患者的症状和延长缓解期，但目前的证据基础较弱。[63]Trivedi CD, Das KM; NDSG. Emerging therapies for diverticular disease of the colon. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008 Nov-Dec;42(10):1145-51.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18936655?tool=bestpractice.com[64]Lahner E, Bellisario C, Hassan C, et al. Probiotics in the treatment of diverticular disease. A systematic review. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2016 Mar;25(1):79-86.http://www.jgld.ro/wp/y2016/n1/a12.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27014757?tool=bestpractice.com
