局灶性房性心动过速是相对少见的心律失常,可见于各个年龄段的人群,其中约 3% 至 17% 的患者转诊以进行室上性心动过速消融。[1]Page RL, Joglar JA, Caldwell MA, et al. 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS guideline for the management of adult patients with supraventricular tachycardia: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:e27-e115.http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleid=2443667http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26409259?tool=bestpractice.com在性别和遗传方面无特定模式。在所观察的儿童室上性心动过速中,心脏正常的儿童中房性心动过速占10%~23%。具有先天性心脏病或心脏外科手术史的儿童其发病率更高。[2]Salerno JC, Kertesz NJ, Friedman RA, et al. Clinical course of atrial ectopic tachycardia is age-dependent: results and treatment in children <3 or >3 or = 3 years of age. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:438-444.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15013128?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Doniger SJ, Sharieff GQ. Pediatric dysrhythmias. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006;53:85-105.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16487786?tool=bestpractice.com