多数患者通过治疗可以存活并恢复到正常的健康基线水平。
轻度至中重度社区获得性肺炎患者 6 个月内可完全康复。持续 28 天以上的持续症状和一定程度的生活质量受损很可能是由于年龄和并发症,而非肺炎本身造成。[60]El Moussaoui R, Opmeer BC, de Borgie CA, et al. Long-term symptom recovery and health-related quality of life in patients with mild-to-moderate-severe community-acquired pneumonia. Chest. 2006;130:1165-1172.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17035452?tool=bestpractice.com一项对军团病幸存者的研究发现,症状和生活质量受损可能会持续数年。[61]Lettinga KD, Verbon A, Nieuwkerk PT, et al. Health-related quality of life and posttraumatic. stress disorder among survivors of an outbreak of Legionnaires disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:11-17.https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/340738http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12060869?tool=bestpractice.com
适当的抗生素治疗可将死亡率从约 15%~30% 降低至 <10%。[51]Mykietiuk A, Carratala J, Fernandez-Sabe N, et al. Clinical outcomes for hospitalized patients with Legionella pneumonia in the antigenuria era: the influence of levofloxacin therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:794-799.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15736010?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Fraser DW, Tsai TR, Orenstein W, et al. Legionnaires' disease: description of an epidemic of pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:1189-1197.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/335244?tool=bestpractice.com并发症,如肺脓肿,可能需要进行手术,并会使预后显著恶化。