肥皂和水或更强效的抗菌剂(氯己定)对于降低皮肤细菌定植有效。这些措施尚未通过测试被证明对限制脓疱病的播散有特定的效果。但这种做法似乎是防止传染蔓延的一个明智的方式。有确凿证据表明,采取这样的卫生措施能有效阻止呼吸道感染病污染物的传播。[13]Jefferson T, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, et al. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(7):CD006207.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub4/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21735402?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Luby SP, Agboatwalla M, Feikin DR, et al. Effect of handwashing on child health: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366:225-233.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16023513?tool=bestpractice.com
鼻腔定植的金黄色葡萄球菌和这种细菌的反复感染可以通过鼻腔局部使用抗生素(莫匹罗星)被消除。[15]Scully BE, Briones F, Gu JW, et al. Mupirocin treatment of nasal staphylococcal colonization. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:353-356.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1739366?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Raz R, Miron D, Colodner R, et al. A 1-year trial of nasal mupirocin in the prevention of recurrent staphylococcal nasal colonization and skin infection. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:1109-1112.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8638999?tool=bestpractice.com这种方法同时适用于患者和与其有密切接触的家庭成员(可能被感染或仅有鼻腔细菌定植)。
应避免与患者接触。许多学校采用这种做法,让患病儿童暂时离开学校,直到他们的感染得到解决(直到患病儿童不再有结痂或大疱性病变)。而通过避免接触预防脓疱病感染的证据力度并不强,从其他疾病控制策略的推测可被用来支持这种方法。[13]Jefferson T, Del Mar CB, Dooley L, et al. Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(7):CD006207.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006207.pub4/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21735402?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Luby SP, Agboatwalla M, Feikin DR, et al. Effect of handwashing on child health: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366:225-233.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16023513?tool=bestpractice.com
在发展中国家,为有潜在营养不良的孕妇补锌已被证明几乎将年龄在6个月以下婴儿脓疱病的患病率减低一半(大约从20%减至10%)。[17]Darmstadt GL, Osendarp SJ, Ahmed S, et al. Effect of antenatal zinc supplementation on impetigo in infants in Bangladesh. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012;31:407-409.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22189527?tool=bestpractice.com