产前超声波
常规产前超声有助于鉴别诊断宫内马蹄足。[13]Bar-On E, Mashiach R, Inbar O, et al. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of club foot: outcome and recommendations for counselling and follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87-B:990-993.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15972918?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Mammen L, Benson CB. Outcome of fetuses with clubfeet diagnosed by prenatal sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:497-500.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15098867?tool=bestpractice.com这些可有助于产前咨询,特别对于有家族史的患者。这让父母有机会去探讨和准备其孩子的未来。
真阳性预测值为 83%。[13]Bar-On E, Mashiach R, Inbar O, et al. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of club foot: outcome and recommendations for counselling and follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87-B:990-993.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15972918?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Mammen L, Benson CB. Outcome of fetuses with clubfeet diagnosed by prenatal sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:497-500.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15098867?tool=bestpractice.com产前咨询期间,一定要告知父母可能存在假阳性结果。单侧诊断率为 29%,双侧则为 7%。[13]Bar-On E, Mashiach R, Inbar O, et al. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of club foot: outcome and recommendations for counselling and follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87-B:990-993.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15972918?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Mammen L, Benson CB. Outcome of fetuses with clubfeet diagnosed by prenatal sonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:497-500.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15098867?tool=bestpractice.com