患者对抗生素治疗反应良好,症状在 24 至 48 小时内消退,但持续性感染患者有可能复发。如果没有并发症,病情严重的患者预后良好。肺脏、心脏和血管内并发症可能危及生命。[1]Schlossberg D. Chlamydophila (chlamydia) psittaci (psittacosis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingston; 2005:2256-2258. 在未经治疗患者中,死亡率可能高达 20%。[1]Schlossberg D. Chlamydophila (chlamydia) psittaci (psittacosis). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingston; 2005:2256-2258.[14]National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians (NASPHV). Compendium of measures to control Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (psittacosis) and pet birds (avian chlamydiosis). 2017 [internet publication].http://www.nasphv.org/Documents/PsittacosisCompendium.pdf
关于抗生素耐药性,仅有非正式报告。[28]Binet R, Maurelli AT. Frequency of development and associated physiological cost of azithromycin resistance in Chlamydia psittaci 6BC and C. trachomatis L2. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Dec;51(12):4267-75.http://aac.asm.org/content/51/12/4267.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17908942?tool=bestpractice.com 由于检测时培养物的可获及性有限,至今仍不清楚治疗失败的原因是药物耐药性、致病性更强毒株导致的疾病进展,还是宿主自身因素。