无并发症妊娠恶心呕吐 (NVP)
预后极佳。无并发症 NVP 通常在孕 20 周之前消退。而且，NVP妊娠女性的妊娠结局被证明有所改善。包括流产、早产分娩和死产的减少。此外，胎儿出生体重降低、胎儿生长受限和胎儿死亡的患病率降低。[45]Brandes JM. First-trimester nausea and vomiting as related to outcome of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1967;30:427-431.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6037702?tool=bestpractice.com[46]Jarnfelt-Samsioe A, Samsioe G, Velinder GM. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy - a contribution to its epidemiology. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1983;16:221-229.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6629143?tool=bestpractice.com[47]Weigel MM, Weigel RM. Nausea and vomiting of early pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. An epidemiologic study. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989;96:1304-1311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2611169?tool=bestpractice.com
妊娠剧吐
在整个妊娠阶段可能会持续剧吐，经常需要持续药物干预、静脉补液和入院治疗。与无并发症NVP比较，妊娠剧吐与妊娠女性并发症发病率增加，以及胎儿并发症发病率和死亡率增加相关。[48]Zhang J, Cai WW. Severe vomiting during pregnancy: antenatal correlates and fetal outcomes. Epidemiology. 1991;2:454-457.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1790200?tool=bestpractice.com[49]Wood P, Murray A, Sinha B, et al. Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum. Case reports. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1983;90:583-586.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6860605?tool=bestpractice.com[50]Gross S, Librach C, Cecutti A. Maternal weight loss associated with hyperemesis gravidarum: a predictor of fetal outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;160:906-909.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2712122?tool=bestpractice.com此外，妊娠期严重恶心呕吐也可能对患者的心理上造成显著影响。
