主观性诊断口臭
接诊医生(嗅觉测量)检出口臭。分别嗅出鼻及口腔呼出的气体很重要,若可察觉的异味只存在于由鼻腔呼出的气体(嘱患者闭口呼吸),病变很可能来自鼻或鼻窦。[10]Rosenberg M, Knaan T, Cohen D. Association among bad breath, body mass index, and alcohol intake. J Dent Res. 2007;86:997-1000.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17890678?tool=bestpractice.com临床评估需由2个不同测试者进行评估。[29]Riggio MP, Lennon A, Rolph HJ, et al. Molecular identification of bacteria on the tongue dorsum of subjects with and without halitosis. Oral Dis. 2008;14:251-258.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18336372?tool=bestpractice.com
患者和检查者检查前禁止饮用咖啡、茶、果汁,禁止吸烟及擦拭芳香味化妆品。[9]Tessier JF, Kulkarni GV. Bad breath: etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Oral Health. 1991;81:19-22, 24.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1824429?tool=bestpractice.com
客观诊断口臭
根据硫化物监测仪或气相色谱法检测,呼出的气体中所含的挥发性硫化物、二胺和/或短链脂肪酸。