腰椎管狭窄的确切发病率不清。 继发性退行性腰椎管狭窄主要在50~60岁患者中出现症状。 在65岁以上的老年人中,约有80%的女性和95%的男性影像学上出现退行性改变,1.7%~6%的成人脊柱平片提示椎管狭窄。[2]Shields C, Miller C, Dunsker S. Thoracic and lumbar spondylosis. In: Benzel E, ed. Spine surgery: techniques, complication avoidance, and management. Vol 1. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 1999:421-434.[3]Roberson GH, Llewellyn HJ, Tavera JM. The narrow lumbar spinal canal syndrome. Radiology. 1973;107:89-97.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4689450?tool=bestpractice.com[4]De Villiers PD, Booysen EL. Fibrous spinal stenosis. A report on 850 myelograms with a water-soluble contrast medium. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1976;115:140-144.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1253477?tool=bestpractice.com 男女患病率相当,但椎体滑脱以女性更为多见。吸烟者中腰椎管狭窄患病增多。[5]Tomecek F, Shields C. Lumbar spondylosis: spinal and lateral recess stenosis. In: Tindall F, Cooper P, Barrow D, eds. The practice of neurosurgery. Vol 3. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1996:2489-2519. 腰椎管狭窄的患者可能同时伴有颈椎管狭窄。[6]Epstein NE, Epstein JA, Carras R, et al. Coexisting cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis: diagnosis and management. Neurosurgery. 1984;15:489-496.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6493458?tool=bestpractice.com 发病与人种无关。
随着全球人类预期寿命的延长,出现腰椎管狭窄症状的人群呈上升趋势。 另外,老年人对生活质量的要求日益提高,对影响生活质量的疾病也开始更多关注。