中枢性尿崩症的高危因素包括垂体手术、[1]Robinson A, Verbalis J. Posterior pituitary. In: Kronenberg H, Melmed S, Polonsky K, et al., eds. Williams Textbook of endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:263-287.[5]Singer I, Oster JR, Fishman LM. The management of diabetes insipidus in adults. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1293-1301.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9201003?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Makaryus AN, McFarlane SI. Diabetes insipidus: diagnosis and treatment of a complex disease. Cleve Clin J Med. 2006;73:65-71.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16444918?tool=bestpractice.com 颅咽管瘤、[7]Ghirardello S, Hopper N, Albanese A, et al. Diabetes insipidus in craniopharyngioma: postoperative management of water and electrolyte disorders. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2006;19(Suppl 1):413-421.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16700319?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Smith D, Finucane F, Phillips J, et al. Abnormal regulation of thirst and vasopressin secretion following surgery for craniopharyngioma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2004;61:273-279.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272926?tool=bestpractice.com 垂体柄病变、[1]Robinson A, Verbalis J. Posterior pituitary. In: Kronenberg H, Melmed S, Polonsky K, et al., eds. Williams Textbook of endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008:263-287.[12]Donadieu J, Rolon MA, Thomas C, et al. Endocrine involvement in pediatric-onset Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: a population-based study. J Pediatr. 2004;144:344-350.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15001940?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Singer I, Oster JR, Fishman LM. The management of diabetes insipidus in adults. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1293-1301.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9201003?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Maghnie M, Cosi G, Genovese E, et al. Central diabetes insipidus in children and young adults. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:998-1007.http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/343/14/998http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11018166?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Makaryus AN, McFarlane SI. Diabetes insipidus: diagnosis and treatment of a complex disease. Cleve Clin J Med. 2006;73:65-71.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16444918?tool=bestpractice.com 颅脑创伤、[9]Agha A, Thornton E, O'Kelly P, et al. Posterior pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:5987-5992.http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/12/5987http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15579748?tool=bestpractice.com[10]Agha A, Sherlock M, Phillips J, et al. The natural history of post-traumatic neurohypophysial dysfunction. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005;152:371-377.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15757853?tool=bestpractice.com 先天性垂体畸形、基因突变(Wolfram 综合征)、[15]Minton JA, Rainbow LA, Ricketts C, et al. Wolfram syndrome. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2003;4:53-59.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12618560?tool=bestpractice.com AVP-后叶激素运载蛋白基因突变[16]Fujiwara TM, Bichet DG. Molecular biology of hereditary diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2836-2846.http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/16/10/2836http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16093448?tool=bestpractice.com 和自身免疫性疾病。[17]Pivonello R, De Bellis A, Faggiano A, et al. Central diabetes insipidus and autoimmunity: relationship between the occurrence of antibodies to arginine vasopressin-secreting cells and clinical, immunological, and radiological features in a large cohort of patients with central diabetes insipidus of known and unknown etiology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:1629-1636.http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/88/4/1629http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12679449?tool=bestpractice.com
肾性尿崩症的高危因素包括使用锂治疗[2]Sands JM, Bichet DG; American College of Physicians; American Physiological Society. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:186-194.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16461963?tool=bestpractice.com 以及精氨酸加压素 (AVP) 受体通路突变。[2]Sands JM, Bichet DG; American College of Physicians; American Physiological Society. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:186-194.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16461963?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Fujiwara TM, Bichet DG. Molecular biology of hereditary diabetes insipidus. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2836-2846.http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/16/10/2836http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16093448?tool=bestpractice.com