检查 重要的检查旨在确诊及评估高风险特征。
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 胸骨旁长轴位上二尖瓣的超声心动图像描述了瓣叶后叶脱垂（红色箭头）来自 Brian Griffin, MD 的个人资料；经许可后使用 [Citation ends].
当使用目前的诊断标准时，灵敏度及特异性会相对高。
同时也对常规随诊研究或临床状态改变有帮助。
不良结局的预测因素包括中度至重度二尖瓣反流、左心室射血分数＜50%、[28]Avierinos JF, Gersh BJ, Melton LJ 3rd, et al. Natural history of asymptomatic mitral valve prolapse in the community. Circulation. 2002 Sep 10;106(11):1355-61.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/11/1355.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12221052?tool=bestpractice.com 左心室扩张[4]Nishimura RA, McGoon MD, Shub C, et al. Echocardiographically documented mitral valve prolapse: long-term follow-up of 237 patients. N Engl J Med. 1985 Nov 21;313(21):1305-9.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4058522?tool=bestpractice.com 以及瓣叶增厚＞5 mm。[3]Marks AR, Choong CY, Sanfilippo AJ, et al. Identification of high-risk and low-risk subgroups of patients with mitral-valve prolapse. N Engl J Med. 1989 Apr 20;320(16):1031-6.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2927482?tool=bestpractice.com[29]Takamoto T, Nitta M, Tsujibayashi T, et al. The prevalence and clinical features of pathologically abnormal mitral valve leaflets (myxomatous mitral valve) in the mitral valve prolapse syndrome: an echocardiographic and pathological comparative study [in Japanese]. J Cardiol Suppl. 1991;25:75-86.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1888468?tool=bestpractice.com[30]Zuppiroli A, Mori F, Favilli S, et al. Arrhythmias in mitral valve prolapse: relation to anterior mitral leaflet thickening, clinical variables, and color Doppler echocardiographic parameters. Am Heart J. 1994 Nov;128(5):919-27.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7942485?tool=bestpractice.com 慢性二尖瓣反流对于左心室收缩功能的影响可能是潜在的，而射血分数仍能在左心收缩功能受损的情况下保持在正常范围内。[23]Griffin BP. Timing of surgical intervention in chronic mitral regurgitation: is vigilance enough? Circulation. 2006 May 9;113(18):2169-72.http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/113/18/2169http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16684872?tool=bestpractice.com
