癫痫发作的临床和脑电图分类修订提议[4]International League Against Epilepsy. Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 1981 Aug;22(4):489-501.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6790275?tool=bestpractice.com
广为接受的 SE 分类是基于患者的临床和脑电图特点。[5]Gastaut H. Classification of status epilepticus. In: Delgado-Escueta A, Wasterlain C, Treiman D, et al. Status epilepticus: Mechanisms of brain damage and treatment. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1983:15-35.临床上根据是否存在身体活动(全身性或局灶性)以及意识是否完全清醒来确定。常见的癫痫发作类型分类和术语与国际抗癫痫联盟 (ILAE) 的分类和术语一致。[3]Fisher RS, Cross JH, French JA, et al. Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr;58(4):522-30.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/epi.13670/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28276060?tool=bestpractice.com[4]International League Against Epilepsy. Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 1981 Aug;22(4):489-501.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6790275?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Trinka E, Cock H, Hesdorffer D, et al. A definition and classification of status epilepticus--report of the ILAE Task Force on Classification of Status Epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2015 Oct;56(10):1515-23.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/epi.13121/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26336950?tool=bestpractice.com
有明显的运动症状:
无明显的运动症状:
2009 年和 2017 年,一个由 ILAE 支持的工作组发布了报告,对用于描述癫痫发作和癫痫综合征的术语和分类系统进行了修改。[3]Fisher RS, Cross JH, French JA, et al. Operational classification of seizure types by the International League Against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr;58(4):522-30.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/epi.13670/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28276060?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Berg AT, Berkovic SF, Brodie MG, et al. Revised terminology and concepts for organization of seizures and epilepsies: report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005-2009. Epilepsia. 2010 Apr;51(4):676-85.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02522.x/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20196795?tool=bestpractice.com 这些并没有改变诊断和治疗癫痫发作和癫痫的总体方法,但改变了术语:“局灶性”取代了“部分性”;“意识正常型”取代了“单纯”;而“意识损害型”取代了“复杂”。