无反流时不会发生 Barrett 食管。流行病学和分子生物学证据均支持这种关系。[2]Bonino JA, Sharma P. Barrett's esophagus. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006;22:406-411.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16760758?tool=bestpractice.com[3]Shaheen NJ. Advances in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:1554-1566.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15887151?tool=bestpractice.com[4]Flejou JF, Svrcek M. Barrett's oesophagus: a pathologist's view. Histopathology. 2007;50:3-14.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17204017?tool=bestpractice.com[15]Fein M, Maroske J, Fuchs KH. Importance of duodenogastric reflux in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Br J Surg. 2006;93:1475-1482.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17051600?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Oh DS, Hagen JA, Fein M, et al. The impact of reflux composition on mucosal injury and esophageal function. J Gastrointest Surg. 2006;10:787-797.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16769534?tool=bestpractice.com[22]Fitzgerald RC. Molecular basis of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Gut. 2006;55:1810-1818.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17124160?tool=bestpractice.com[26]Winberg H, Lindblad M, Lagergren J, et al. Risk factors and chemoprevention in Barrett’s esophagus - an update. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2012;47:397-406.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22428928?tool=bestpractice.com一项包括 26 项研究的 meta 分析发现,胃食管反流病症状的存在使长段 Barrett 食管的风险增加至 5 倍,但似乎与短段 Barrett 食管的相关性不大。然而,需要注意的是该研究结果具有高度的异质性。[27]Taylor JB, Rubenstein JH. Meta-analyses of the effect of symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux on the risk of Barrett's esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;105:1729-1737.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2916949/?tool=pubmedhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485283?tool=bestpractice.com