BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间： 六月 2019
最近更新时间： 二月 2019

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在的危险因素
  • 活动时疼痛加重
  • 疼痛部位：膝关节屈曲至 90 度时的膝关节前内侧面
  • 疼痛部位：肘关节外侧面
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其他诊断因素

  • 累及膝关节，10~15 岁
  • 累及肘关节，年龄为 11-21 岁
  • 距骨受累，十几岁至四十岁
  • 有累及膝关节或肘关节的外伤史
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危险因素

  • 反复投掷/外翻应力
  • 体操/上肢承重
  • 踝关节扭伤/不稳定
  • 竞技运动
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诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 膝关节 X 线片
  • 踝关节 X 线片
  • 下肢全长 X 线片
  • 肘关节 X 线片
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 计算机体层成像 (CT)
  • 磁共振成像 (MRI)
  • MR 关节 X 线摄影
  • 诊断性关节镜检查
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治疗流程

急性

膝关节

肘关节

踝关节（距骨）

贡献者

作者 查看所有

Professor of Clinical Orthopedic Surgery

University of California, San Diego

Rady Children’s Hospital

San Diego

CA

利益冲突披露
HGC has acted as a consultant to OrthoPediatrics, undertaken research for Allergan, and is an associate editor for Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. HGC is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Dr Henry G. Chambers would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr James L. Carey, Dr Jon Divine, Dr Michael Nett, and Dr Cedric Ortiguera, the previous contributors to this topic. JLC is an author of a number of references cited in this topic. JD, MN, and CO declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议专家 查看所有

Orthopedic Surgeon

The Hughston Clinic PC

Columbus

GA

利益冲突披露
JEM declares that he has no competing interests.

Centre Lead and Professor of Sports and Exercise Medicine

Consultant Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgeon

Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry

Institute for Health Sciences Education

Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine

Queen Mary University of London

Mile End Hospital

London

UK

利益冲突披露
NM declares that he has no competing interests.

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