臭虫理论上可能是很多人类病原体的传播载体,包括疫区的查格斯病、乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染和 HIV 感染。[2]Goddard J, deShazo R. Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites. JAMA. 2009;301:1358-1366.http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=183643http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19336711?tool=bestpractice.com[5]Thomas I, Kihiczak GG, Schwartz RA, et al. Bedbug bites: a review. Int J Dermatol. 2004;43:430-433.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15186224?tool=bestpractice.com[25]Scarupa MD, Economides A. Bedbug bites masquerading as urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117:1508-1509.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16751024?tool=bestpractice.com 然而,臭虫真正成为这些疾病传播载体的可能性很低。大多数数据表明臭虫并不传播乙型肝炎病毒或为低效载体。[2]Goddard J, deShazo R. Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites. JAMA. 2009;301:1358-1366.http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=183643http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19336711?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Kolb A, Needham GR, Neyman KM, et al. Bedbugs. Dermatol Ther. 2009;22:347-352.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19580578?tool=bestpractice.com[29]Silverman AL, Qu LH, Walker ED, et al. Assessment of hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis C virus RNA in the common bedbug (Cimex Lectularius L.) and kissing bug (Rodnius prolixus). Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2194-2198.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11467652?tool=bestpractice.com[30]Blow JA, Turell MJ, Walker ED, et al. Stercorarial shedding and transtadial transmission of hepatitis B virus by common bedbugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). J Med Entomol. 2001;38:694-700.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11580042?tool=bestpractice.com很少有数据表明臭虫会带来查格斯病或 HIV 感染风险。 [2]Goddard J, deShazo R. Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) and clinical consequences of their bites. JAMA. 2009;301:1358-1366.http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=183643http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19336711?tool=bestpractice.com 人们越来越担心携带金黄色葡萄球菌或抗万古霉素肠球菌的臭虫可能成为这些感染的传播载体;然而,这还需要进一步的研究。[31]Lowe CF, Romney MG. Bedbugs as vectors for drug-resistant bacteria. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17;1132-1134.http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/17/6/10-1978_article.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21749792?tool=bestpractice.com
查格斯病
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