小结
定义
病史和查体
诊断性检查
治疗流程
贡献者
作者 查看所有
Research Fellow
Division of Neurosurgery
Department of Surgery
University of Toronto
Ontario
Canada
利益冲突披露
CSA declares that he has no competing interests.
Professor
Division of Neurosurgery
Director of Neuroscience Program
University of Toronto
Krembil Chair in Neural Repair and Regeneration
Medical Director
Krembil Neuroscience Center
Toronto Western Hospital
Ontario
Canada
利益冲突披露
MGF served as a consultant for Zimmer, In Vivo Therapeutics, and Pfizer. He receives institutional fellowship grant support from AOSpine, Medtronic, and Depuy-Synthes. MGF is an author of a reference cited in this monograph.Dr Christopher S. Ahuja and Dr Michael G. Fehlings would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Narihito Nagoshi, Dr Hiroaki Nakashima, Dr David W. Cadotte, and Dr Jefferson R. Wilson, previous contributors to this monograph. NN, HN, DWC, and JRW declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议专家 查看所有
Consultant Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgeon
BMI Werndale Hospital
Carmarthen
Carmarthenshire
UK
利益冲突披露
JM has been provided with educational support for attending conferences by Medtronic, Depuy Spine UK, and Nuvasive.Assistant Professor
Orthopedic Surgery Operations
Department of Orthopedics
University of Utah
Salt Lake City
UT
利益冲突披露
AP is an author of a reference cited in this monograph.
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