严谨细致的手术,复发可能性较低。 据报告,手术治疗后的复发率高达 20-60%。[46]Zhang H, Kandel RP, Atakari HK, et al. Impact of oral azithromycin on recurrence of trachomatous trichiasis in Nepal over 1 year. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90:943-948.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1857215/?tool=pubmedhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16687452?tool=bestpractice.com[47]West S, Lynch M, Munoz B, et al. Predicting surgical compliance in a cohort of women with trichiasis. Int Ophthalmol. 1994;18:105-109.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7814200?tool=bestpractice.com[48]Oliva MS, Munoz B, Lynch M, et al. Evaluation of barriers to surgical compliance in the treatment of trichiasis. Int Ophthalmol. 1997-1998;21:235-241.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9700012?tool=bestpractice.com[49]Courtright P. Acceptance of surgery for trichiasis among rural Malawian women. East Afr Med J. 1994;71:803-804.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7705253?tool=bestpractice.com[50]Rabiu MA, Abiose A. Magnitude of trachoma and barriers to uptake of lid surgery in a rural community of northern Nigeria. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2001;8:181-190.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11471087?tool=bestpractice.com[51]Bowman RJ, Faal H, Jatta B, et al. Longitudinal study of trachomatous trichiasis in The Gambia: barriers to acceptance of surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:936-940.http://www.iovs.org/cgi/content/full/43/4/936http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11923231?tool=bestpractice.com然而,严谨细致的手术可以实现较低的复发率(埃塞俄比亚的 1 年后复发率是 8%)。[52]West SK, West ES, Alemayehu W, et al. Single-dose azithromycin prevents trichiasis recurrence following surgery: randomized trial in Ethiopia. Arch Ophthalmol 2006;124:309-314.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16534049?tool=bestpractice.com 由于手术只能矫正眼睑的结构,而无法改变病理进程(可能继续进展),此外由于沙眼倒睫的自然病程和所述组织的瘢痕形成,可能无法避免一定程度的复发。
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