男性
有证据表明外用米诺地尔或口服非那雄胺对18至60岁之间的男性雄激素性脱发患者有效。外用米诺地尔溶液4个月可达到最佳促毛发生长效果,同时口服非那雄胺则需2年达到最佳效果,但上述两种药物均应不间断使用。使用非那雄胺可使毛发生长速度最大增加至 66%。[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com如治疗中断,所有促毛发生长效果将在6至12个月消失。[13]Olsen EA, Messenger AG, Shapiro J, et al. Evaluation and treatment of male and female pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52:301-311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692478?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com
女性
治疗可产生中等程度的疗效。为维持疗效,推荐持续使用药物治疗。[22]Shapiro J. Clinical practice. Hair loss in women. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1620-1630.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17942874?tool=bestpractice.com[31]Sinclair R, Wewerinke M, Jolley D. Treatment of female pattern hair loss with oral antiandrogens. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152:466-473.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15787815?tool=bestpractice.com