为获得最佳疗效,非那雄胺至少应使用1年。[13]Olsen EA, Messenger AG, Shapiro J, et al. Evaluation and treatment of male and female pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52:301-311.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15692478?tool=bestpractice.com[21]Blumeyer A, Tosti A, Messenger A, et al. Evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011;9(suppl 6):1-57.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1610-0379.2011.07802.x/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21980982?tool=bestpractice.com该药显著增加毛发数目、改善头皮毛发覆盖度,并能增加毛发的长度、直径及色深。[19]Whiting DA, Olsen EA, Savin R, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg in men aged 41 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;13:150-160.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12695131?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com毛发计数;脱发改善程度的主观评估;有中等质量的证据表明,在 24 个月的期间非那雄胺 1 mg/日,显著优于安慰剂。[19]Whiting DA, Olsen EA, Savin R, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg in men aged 41 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;13:150-160.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12695131?tool=bestpractice.com受试者<200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、受试者>200名且方法学存在缺陷的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、方法学存在缺陷的系统评价或者高质量的观察性(队列)研究。毛发计数;脱发改善程度的主观评估;有中等质量的证据表明,在超过 2 年的临床试验中,非那雄胺 1 mg/日,可延缓脱发进展、增加毛发生长。[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com受试者<200名的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、受试者>200名且方法学存在缺陷的随机对照临床试验(RCT)、方法学存在缺陷的系统评价或者高质量的观察性(队列)研究。
非那雄胺可降低老年男性前列腺特异抗原(PSA)水平。[19]Whiting DA, Olsen EA, Savin R, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg in men aged 41 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;13:150-160.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12695131?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com老年男性应在治疗前、治疗中分别测定PSA水平以校正这一效应。
性功能相关副作用,如性欲下降、勃起功能障碍等,可在停用药物后完全消失。[19]Whiting DA, Olsen EA, Savin R, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of finasteride 1 mg in men aged 41 to 60 years with male pattern hair loss. Eur J Dermatol. 2003;13:150-160.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12695131?tool=bestpractice.com[28]Kaufman KD, Olsen EA, Whiting D, et al. Finasteride in the treatment of men with androgenetic alopecia. Finasteride Male Pattern Hair Loss Study Group. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;39:578-589.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9777765?tool=bestpractice.com虽然关于性功能相关副作用的质疑不断出现,目前已有的研究未能证实非那雄胺与性功能障碍的相关性。[29]Gupta AK, Charrette A. The efficacy and safety of 5α-reductase inhibitors in androgenetic alopecia: a network meta-analysis and benefit-risk assessment of finasteride and dutasteride. J Dermatolog Treat. 2014;25:156-161.http://informahealthcare.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/09546634.2013.813011http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23768246?tool=bestpractice.com