接受化疗和/或利妥昔单抗治疗的 NHL 患者如果乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 表面抗原阳性,或无论表面抗原是否阳性,既往有乙型肝炎病史,建议接受抗病毒治疗,预防 HBV 再活化。[157]Hsu C, Hsiung CA, Su IJ, et al. A revisit of prophylactic lamivudine for chemotherapy-associated hepatitis B reactivation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a randomized trial. Hepatology. 2008 Mar;47(3):844-53.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18302293?tool=bestpractice.com[158]Huang YH, Hsiao LT, Hong YC, et al. Randomized controlled trial of entecavir prophylaxis for rituximab-associated hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with lymphoma and resolved hepatitis B. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Aug 1;31(22):2765-72.http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/31/22/2765.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23775967?tool=bestpractice.com
应建议患者接受 HIV 筛查(一旦确诊原发性中枢神经系统性淋巴瘤或Burkitt 淋巴瘤)。HIV 阳性的患者应当开始高活性抗逆转录病毒疗法 (HAART)。