二尖瓣反流

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Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F, et al; the Joint Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012). Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2451-2496.

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Chan KM, Punjabi PP, Flather M, et al; RIME Investigators. Coronary artery bypass surgery with or without mitral valve annuloplasty in moderate functional ischemic mitral regurgitation: final results of the Randomized Ischemic Mitral Evaluation (RIME) Trial. Circulation. 2012;126:2502-2510.

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Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:3075-3128.

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1.  Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Chatterjee K, et al. 2008 focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease. Circulation. 2008;118:e523-e661.

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2.  Troubil M, Lonsky V, Gwozdziewicz M, et al. Persistent and recurrent ischemic mitral regurgitation. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2010;154:141-145.

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3.  McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, et al; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14:803-869.

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4.  Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2017;135:e1159-e1195.

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5.  Otto CM. Clinical practice. Evaluation and management of chronic mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:740-746.

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6.  Freed LA, Levy D, Levine RA, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcome of mitral-valve prolapse. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1-7.

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7.  Avierinos JF, Gersh BJ, Melton LJ 3rd, et al. Natural history of asymptomatic mitral valve prolapse in the community. Circulation. 2002;106:1355-1361.

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8.  Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F, et al; the Joint Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012). Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2451-2496.

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9.  Lancellotti P, Moura L, Pierard LA, et al; European Association of Echocardiography. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 2: mitral and tricuspid regurgitation (native valve disease). Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:307-332.

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10.  Enriquez-Sarano M, Avierinos JF, Messika-Zeitoun D, et al. Quantitative determinants of the outcome of asymptomatic mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:875-883.

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11.  Cosgrove DM, Stewart WJ. Mitral valvuloplasty. Curr Probl Cardiol. 1989;14:359-415.

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12.  Stewart WJ, Currie PJ, Salcedo EE, et al. Evaluation of mitral leaflet motion by echocardiography and jet direction by Doppler color flow mapping to determine the mechanisms of mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20:1353-1361.

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13.  Zoghbi WA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Foster E, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of the severity of native valvular regurgitation with two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2003;16:777-802.

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14.  Pu M, Griffin BP, Vandervoort PM, et al. The value of assessing pulmonary venous flow velocity for predicting severity of mitral regurgitation: a quantitative assessment integrating left ventricular function. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1999;12:736-743.

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15.  Pu M, Vandervoort PM, Griffin BP, et al. Quantification of mitral regurgitation by the proximal convergence method using transesophageal echocardiography. Clinical validation of a geometric correction for proximal flow constraint. Circulation. 1995;92:2169-2177.

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16.  Farouque HM, Clark DJ. Percutaneous mitral valve leaflet repair for mitral regurgitation: NICE guidance. Heart. 2010;96:385-387.

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17.  Murphy MO, Rao C, Punjabi PP, et al. In patients undergoing mitral surgery for ischaemic mitral regurgitation is it preferable to repair or replace the mitral valve? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2011;12:218-227.

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18.  Sá MP, Ferraz PE, Escobar RR, et al. Preservation versus non-preservation of mitral valve apparatus during mitral valve replacement: a meta-analysis of 3835 patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2012;15:1033-1039.

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19.  Hu X, Zhao Q. Systematic evaluation of the flexible and rigid annuloplasty ring after mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011;40:480-487.

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20.  Keeling D, Baglin T, Tait C, et al; British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines on oral anticoagulation with warfarin - fourth edition. Br J Haematol. 2011;154:311-324.

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21.  Strauss CE, Duval S, Pastorius D, et al. Pharmacotherapy in the treatment of mitral regurgitation: a systematic review. J Heart Valve Dis. 2012;21:275-285.

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22.  Goldstein D, Moskowitz AJ, Gelijns AC, et al. Two-year outcomes of surgical treatment of severe ischemic mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:344-353.

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23.  Acker MA, Parides MK, Perrault LP, et al; CTSN. Mitral-valve repair versus replacement for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:23-32.

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24.  Nachtnebel A, Reinsperger I; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Health Technology Assessment. Percutaneous repair of mitral regurgitation with the MitraClip [in German]. Decision support document 41, update 2012. July 2012. http://hta.lbg.ac.at (last accessed 6 June 2017).

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25.  Mauri L, Foster E, Glower DD, et al; EVEREST II Investigators. Four-year results of a randomized controlled trial of percutaneous repair versus surgery for mitral regurgitation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:317-328.

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26.  De Bonis M, Al-Attar N, Antunes M, et al. Surgical and interventional management of mitral valve regurgitation: a position statement from the European Society of Cardiology Working Groups on Cardiovascular Surgery and Valvular Heart Disease. Eur Heart J. 2016;37:133-139.

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27.  Chan KM, Punjabi PP, Flather M, et al; RIME Investigators. Coronary artery bypass surgery with or without mitral valve annuloplasty in moderate functional ischemic mitral regurgitation: final results of the Randomized Ischemic Mitral Evaluation (RIME) Trial. Circulation. 2012;126:2502-2510.

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• 摘要

28.  Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:3075-3128.

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• 摘要