全球范围内青光眼患者大约有四千五百万,其中三分之一的患者是原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)。[2]Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90:262-267.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16488940?tool=bestpractice.com据估计占致盲性眼病的1/2。[3]Quigley HA. Number of people with glaucoma worldwide. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80:389-393.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC505485/pdf/brjopthal00005-0009.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8695555?tool=bestpractice.com
不同种族和地区的原发性闭角型青光眼发病率不同,因纽特人和亚洲人的患病率最高,而非洲人和欧洲人则患病率最低。[4]Epidemiologic aspects of glaucoma. In: Basic and clinical science course (BCSC) Section 10: Glaucoma. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2005:7-12.[5]Bankes JL, Perkins ES, Tsolakis S, et al. Bedford glaucoma survey. Br Med J. 1968;1:791-796.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1985686/pdf/brmedj02077-0023.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5641484?tool=bestpractice.com[6]Hollows FC, Graham PA. Intra-ocular pressure, glaucoma, and glaucoma suspects in a defined population. Br J Ophthalmol. 1966;50:570-586.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC506274/pdf/brjopthal00370-0011.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5954089?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Bengtsson B. The prevalence of glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol. 1981;65:46-49.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1039411/pdf/brjopthal00181-0056.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6969603?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Congdon N, Wang F, Tielsch JM. Issues in the epidemiology and population-based screening of primary angle-closure glaucoma. Surv Ophthalmol. 1992;36:411-423.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1589856?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Foster PJ, Johnson GJ. Glaucoma in China: how big is the problem? Br J Ophthalmol. 2001;85:1277-1282.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1723754/pdf/v085p01277.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11673287?tool=bestpractice.com[10]He M, Foster PJ, Johnson GJ, et al. Angle-closure glaucoma in East Asian and European people. Different diseases? Eye. 2006;20:3-12.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15688051?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Drance SM. Angle closure glaucoma among Canadian Eskimos. Can J Ophthalmol. 1973;8:252-254.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4707208?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Alsbirk PH. Angle-closure glaucoma surveys in Greenland Eskimos. A preliminary report. Can J Ophthalmol. 1973;8:260-264.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4707210?tool=bestpractice.com[13]Johnson GJ, Green JS, Paterson GD, et al. Survey of ophthalmic conditions in a Labrador community: II. Ocular disease. Can J Ophthalmol. 1984;19:224-233.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6478308?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Johnson GJ, Foster PJ. Can we prevent angle-closure glaucoma? Eye. 2005;19:1119-1124.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16304593?tool=bestpractice.com据估计,在美国各种类型的原发性闭角型青光眼只占青光眼病例的10%,而在亚洲人群中则高达50%。据估计在欧洲和美国的白种人中,原发性闭角型青光眼只占0.04%-0.4%。[15]Klein BE, Klein R, Sponsel WE, et al. Prevalence of glaucoma. The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 1992;99:1499-1504.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1454314?tool=bestpractice.com[16]Wensor MD, McCarty CA, Stanislavsky YL, et al. The prevalence of glaucoma in the Melbourne Visual Impairment Project. Ophthalmology. 1998;105:733-739.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9544649?tool=bestpractice.com 因纽特人原发性闭角型青光眼的患病率是2.65%-4.8%。[11]Drance SM. Angle closure glaucoma among Canadian Eskimos. Can J Ophthalmol. 1973;8:252-254.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4707208?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Alsbirk PH. Angle-closure glaucoma surveys in Greenland Eskimos. A preliminary report. Can J Ophthalmol. 1973;8:260-264.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4707210?tool=bestpractice.com[13]Johnson GJ, Green JS, Paterson GD, et al. Survey of ophthalmic conditions in a Labrador community: II. Ocular disease. Can J Ophthalmol. 1984;19:224-233.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6478308?tool=bestpractice.com[14]Johnson GJ, Foster PJ. Can we prevent angle-closure glaucoma? Eye. 2005;19:1119-1124.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16304593?tool=bestpractice.com
女性患闭角型青光眼的风险比男性高2-4倍。[4]Epidemiologic aspects of glaucoma. In: Basic and clinical science course (BCSC) Section 10: Glaucoma. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology; 2005:7-12.急性闭角型青光眼在55-65岁之间人群中最常见。[17]Ritch R, Lowe RF. ACG: mechanisms and epidemiology. In: Ritch R, Shields MB, Krupin T, eds. The glaucomas. 2nd ed. St Louis, MO: CV Mosby; 1996:814.