动脉粥样硬化性 RAS 占所有 RAS 的 90%。[1]Safian RD, Textor SC. Renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:431-442.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11172181?tool=bestpractice.com[8]Garovic VD, Textor SC. Renovascular hypertension and ischemic nephropathy. Circulation. 2005;112:1362-1374.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/112/9/1362.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16129817?tool=bestpractice.com[9]Hansen KJ, Edwards MS, Craven TE, et al. Prevalence of renovascular disease in the elderly: a population-based study. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36:443-451.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12218965?tool=bestpractice.com进行心导管插管检查的 CAD 患者中患病率高达 25%。[2]Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 practice guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic). Circulation. 2006;113:e463-e654.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/11/e463.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16549646?tool=bestpractice.com2% 的终末期肾病 (ESRD) 是由于局部缺血性肾病引起的。[10]Fatica RA, Port FK, Young EW. Incidence trends and mortality in end-stage renal disease attributed to renovascular disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37:1184-1190.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11382687?tool=bestpractice.com
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 一位显著双侧动脉粥样硬化性肾动脉狭窄患者的磁共振血管造影(三维容积再现重建)。箭头指示近端双侧狭窄感谢马萨诸塞大学医疗中心和医学院放射科的 David J. Sheehan DO 的支持 [Citation ends].
肌纤维发育不良占临床 RAS 的 10%。[11]Slovut DP, Olin JW. Fibromuscular dysplasia. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1862-1871.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15115832?tool=bestpractice.com在诊断中发现,女性患有该类型 RAS 的可能性比男性高 2 到 10 倍。[2]Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 practice guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic). Circulation. 2006;113:e463-e654.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/11/e463.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16549646?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Slovut DP, Olin JW. Fibromuscular dysplasia. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1862-1871.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15115832?tool=bestpractice.com发病年龄通常在 30 岁之前。[2]Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 practice guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic). Circulation. 2006;113:e463-e654.http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/11/e463.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16549646?tool=bestpractice.com[11]Slovut DP, Olin JW. Fibromuscular dysplasia. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1862-1871.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15115832?tool=bestpractice.com
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: 一位肾动脉肌纤维发育不良患者的磁共振血管造影(最大强度投影)。箭头指示右侧肾动脉出现特征性的不规则轮廓感谢哈佛医学院布里格姆妇科医院放射科 Raul Galvez MD MPH 和 Hale Ersoy MD 的支持 [Citation ends].