盆腔器官脱垂在手术重建后复发的风险并不少见。约有 30% 的女性为此接受不止一次的手术。[18]Olsen AL, Smith VJ, Bergstrom JO, et al. Epidemiology of surgically managed pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol. 1997;89:501-506.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9083302?tool=bestpractice.com 患者的脱垂程度越重,复发几率越高。[68]Whiteside JL, Weber AM, Meyn LA, et al. Risk factors for prolapse recurrence after vaginal repair. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191:1533-1538.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15547521?tool=bestpractice.com 在不同的手术修补方式中,经腹阴道骶骨固定术维持时间最长,解剖成功率达 76%-100%。[47]Maher C, Feiner B, Baessler K, et al. Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(11):CD004014.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004014.pub6/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27901278?tool=bestpractice.com[69]Culligan PJ, Murphy M, Blackwell L, et al. Long-term success of abdominal sacral colpopexy using synthetic mesh. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;187:1473-1480.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12501049?tool=bestpractice.com[70]Imparato E, Aspesi G, Rovetta E, et al. Surgical management and prevention of vaginal vault prolapse. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1992;175:233-237.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1514157?tool=bestpractice.com[71]Bensinger G, Lind L, Lesser M, et al. Abdominal sacral suspensions: analysis of complications using permanent mesh. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193:2094-2098.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16325622?tool=bestpractice.com 经阴道手术的成功率相对较低。经阴道宫骶韧带固定术的 5 年成功率为 87%-89%。[72]Barber MD, Visco AG, Weidner AC, et al. Bilateral uterosacral ligament vaginal vault suspension with site-specific endopelvic fascia defect repair for treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183:1402-1410.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11120503?tool=bestpractice.com[73]Karram M, Goldwasser S, Kleeman S, et al. High uterosacral vaginal vault suspension with fascial reconstruction for vaginal repair of enterocele and vaginal vault prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;185:1339-1342.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11744906?tool=bestpractice.com 目前没有证据表明限制患者术后任何特定活动可以降低复发风险。尽管如此,部分医生仍然限制患者提举重物(4.5 kg 或 10 磅)以及术后 6 周禁止性生活。