病毒性迷路炎需严格随访以防止眩晕再度发作。对于继发于脑膜炎的迷路炎患者应密切随访,行听力学和影像学检查,注意是否有进展性听力下降和耳蜗阻塞的征象。双侧重度到极重度聋的患者,若MRI示耳蜗阻塞,应尽快行人工耳蜗植入。[24]Aschendorff A, Klenzner T, Laszig R. Deafness after bacterial meningitis: an emergency for early imaging and cochlear implant surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;133:995-996.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16360531?tool=bestpractice.com细菌性脑膜炎患者行钆增强MRI时若出现耳囊强化,提示发展为感音神经性听力损失的可能性极大,应立即行听力学检查。[13]Kopelovich JC, Germiller JA, Laury AM, et al. Early prediction of postmeningitic hearing loss in children using magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;137:441-447.http://archotol.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=716277http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21339394?tool=bestpractice.com