颅咽管瘤是常见的颅内肿瘤,占所有儿童脑肿瘤的 6%-13%,成人脑肿瘤的 1%-3%。年发病率约为 1/100万 - 1.5/100万。[4]Karavitaki N, Cudlip S, Adams CB, et al. Craniopharyngiomas. Endocr Rev. 2006;27:371-397.http://edrv.endojournals.org/content/27/4/371.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16543382?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Bunin GR, Surawicz TS, Witman PA, et al. The descriptive epidemiology of craniopharyngiomas. J Neurosurg. 1998;89:547-551.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9761047?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Haupt R, Magnani C, Pavanello M, et al. Epidemiological aspects of craniopharyngioma. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2006;19(suppl 1):289-293.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16700303?tool=bestpractice.com 颅咽管瘤是最常见的儿童鞍区肿瘤,也是最常见的非胶质性颅内肿瘤。尽管可在任何年龄段均可发生,但其发病年龄分布呈双峰,分别是儿童期的 5-14 岁和成人期的 50-70 岁。[4]Karavitaki N, Cudlip S, Adams CB, et al. Craniopharyngiomas. Endocr Rev. 2006;27:371-397.http://edrv.endojournals.org/content/27/4/371.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16543382?tool=bestpractice.com[7]Bunin GR, Surawicz TS, Witman PA, et al. The descriptive epidemiology of craniopharyngiomas. J Neurosurg. 1998;89:547-551.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9761047?tool=bestpractice.com[12]Haupt R, Magnani C, Pavanello M, et al. Epidemiological aspects of craniopharyngioma. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2006;19(suppl 1):289-293.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16700303?tool=bestpractice.com[13]Nielsen EH, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Poulsgaard L, et al. Incidence of craniopharyngioma in Denmark (n = 189) and estimated world incidence of craniopharyngioma in children and adults. J Neurooncol. 2011;104:755-763.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21336771?tool=bestpractice.com 颅咽管瘤的发生无地域差别,无性别差异。[4]Karavitaki N, Cudlip S, Adams CB, et al. Craniopharyngiomas. Endocr Rev. 2006;27:371-397.http://edrv.endojournals.org/content/27/4/371.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16543382?tool=bestpractice.com 研究发现,颅咽管瘤在黑色人种发病率较高,但是种族的差异需要进一步研究证实。[14]Zacharia BE, Bruce SS, Goldstein H, et al. Incidence, treatment and survival of patients with craniopharyngioma in the surveillance, epidemiology and end results program. Neuro Oncol. 2012;14:1070-1078.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22735773?tool=bestpractice.com