不推荐在长期留置尿管的患者中筛查菌尿。[7]Nicolle LE, Bradley S, Colgan R, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:643-654.http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/5/643.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15714408?tool=bestpractice.com[46]Lin K, Fajardo K. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:W20-W24.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18591632?tool=bestpractice.com
除了在有计划的泌尿外科操作之前，不推荐筛查和治疗无症状细菌尿的成年男性，因为消除无症状细菌尿不会改变发病率或死亡率。[7]Nicolle LE, Bradley S, Colgan R, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:643-654.http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/40/5/643.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15714408?tool=bestpractice.com[46]Lin K, Fajardo K. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in adults: evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reaffirmation recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149:W20-W24.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18591632?tool=bestpractice.com然而，在进行可能破坏尿路上皮的泌尿外科操作之前，应该对尿液灭菌，从而降低菌血症和脓毒症的风险。[47]Yang MG, Zhao XK, Wu ZP, et al. Meta-analysis of antibiotic prophylaxis for postoperative bacteriuria in patients undergoing transrectal prostatic biopsy [in Chinese]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009;89:254-259.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19552843?tool=bestpractice.com
