沙门氏菌病

• Is there randomized controlled trial evidence to support the use of antiemetics for reducing vomiting in children and adolescents with acute gastroenteritis?
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证据 A 免疫健全患者的病程及复发风险：高质量证据表明抗生素可能不能显著缩短病程，并增加复发风险和沙门氏菌粪便持续携带状态。[54]Onwuezobe IA, Oshun PO, Odigwe CC. Antimicrobials for treating symptomatic non-typhoidal Salmonella infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(11):CD001167.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001167.pub2/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23152205?tool=bestpractice.com[55]Carlstedt G, Dahl P, Niklasson PM, et al. Norfloxacin treatment of salmonellosis does not shorten the carrier stage. Scand J Infect Dis. 1990;22:553-556.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2259863?tool=bestpractice.com[56]Bassily S, Hyams KC, el-Masry NA, et al. Short-course norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment of shigellosis and salmonellosis in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;51:219-223.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8074256?tool=bestpractice.com[57]Guarino A, Ashkenazi S, Gendrel D, et al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe: update 2014. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;59:132-152.http://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/2014/07000/European_Society_for_Pediatric_Gastroenterology,.26.aspxhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739189?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Gendrel D, Cohen R; European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, European Society for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Bacterial diarrheas and antibiotics: European recommendations. Arch Pediatr. 2008;15(suppl 2):S93-S96. [in French]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19000862?tool=bestpractice.com 系统评价或者受试者＞200名的随机对照临床试验（RCT）。

免疫健全患者的病程及复发风险：高质量证据表明抗生素可能不能显著缩短病程，并增加复发风险和沙门氏菌粪便持续携带状态。[54]Onwuezobe IA, Oshun PO, Odigwe CC. Antimicrobials for treating symptomatic non-typhoidal Salmonella infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(11):CD001167.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001167.pub2/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23152205?tool=bestpractice.com[55]Carlstedt G, Dahl P, Niklasson PM, et al. Norfloxacin treatment of salmonellosis does not shorten the carrier stage. Scand J Infect Dis. 1990;22:553-556.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2259863?tool=bestpractice.com[56]Bassily S, Hyams KC, el-Masry NA, et al. Short-course norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment of shigellosis and salmonellosis in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;51:219-223.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8074256?tool=bestpractice.com[57]Guarino A, Ashkenazi S, Gendrel D, et al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe: update 2014. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;59:132-152.http://journals.lww.com/jpgn/Fulltext/2014/07000/European_Society_for_Pediatric_Gastroenterology,.26.aspxhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24739189?tool=bestpractice.com[58]Gendrel D, Cohen R; European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, European Society for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Bacterial diarrheas and antibiotics: European recommendations. Arch Pediatr. 2008;15(suppl 2):S93-S96. [in French]http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19000862?tool=bestpractice.com