BMJ Best Practice
最后审核时间: 十月 2018
最近更新时间: 八月 2018

小结

定义

病史和查体

关键诊断因素

  • 存在危险因素
  • 尿量减少
  • 呕吐
  • 头晕

其他诊断因素

  • 恶心
  • 恶心
  • 口渴
  • 胁腹痛

危险因素

  • 年龄较大
  • 基础肾脏疾病
  • 恶性高血压
  • 糖尿病

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 基础代谢(包括尿素和肌酐)
  • 血清尿素氮/肌酐比值
  • 尿液分析
  • 尿液培养
全部具体信息

需要考虑的检查

  • 抗核抗体
  • 抗 DNA 抗体
  • 补体 (C3、C4、CH50)
  • 抗肾小球基底膜抗体
全部具体信息

新兴检查

  • 新型血清和尿液生物标志物
全部具体信息

治疗流程

贡献者

Professor of Medicine

Nephrology Division

Stanford University Medical Center

Stanford

CA

利益冲突披露
RL works as a consultant and researcher for Relypsa, Inc. Although unrelated to this topic area, RL also works as a consultant for Fibrogen, Inc.; Mallinckrodt, Inc.; and Alexion, Inc.; and as a researcher for Genentech, Inc.; Mallinckrodt, Inc.; GlaxoSK, Inc.; Rigel, Inc.; Aurinia, Inc.; and the NIH.

Dr Richard Lafayette would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Sandra Sabatini, Dr Neil Kurtzman, and Dr Corey D. Ball, the previous contributors to this monograph. SS, NK, and CDB declare that they have no competing interests.

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Professor of Medicine

Section of Nephrology

Department of Medicine

Baylor College of Medicine

Houston

TX

利益冲突披露
GE declares that he has no competing interests.

Consultant Nephrologist

Nephrology

North Staffs Royal Infirmary

University Hospital of North Staffordshire

Stoke-on-Trent

UK

利益冲突披露
DdT declares that he has no competing interests.

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