黏菌素
当小鼠接受黏菌素鼻内给药预防时,黏菌素对毛霉病致病因子的孢子有杀真菌活性,并对治疗肺部感染有好处。然而,尚无临床数据支持单独使用此药或作为标准抗真菌治疗的辅助用药。[41]Ben-Ami R, Lewis RE, Tarrand J, et al. Antifungal activity of colistin against mucorales species in vitro and in a murine model of Rhizopus oryzae pulmonary infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:484-490.http://aac.asm.org/content/54/1/484.longhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858263?tool=bestpractice.com
卡泊芬净结合免疫抑制剂
体外数据已经证明,当与神经钙蛋白抑制剂和西罗莫司联合使用时,卡泊芬净对抗毛霉病致病因子的最小有效浓度降低至原来的四分之一。[42]Thakur M, Revankar SG. In vitro interaction of caspofungin and immunosuppressives against agents of mucormycosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66:2312-2314.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21795260?tool=bestpractice.com
γ 干扰素和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子
体外数据表明,与干扰素 γ 和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子联合,人类多形核细胞对米根霉、小孢根霉和伞枝犁头霉菌丝的活性增强。[43]Gil-Lamaignere C, Simitsopoulou M, Roilides E, et al. Interferon-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor augment the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes against medically important zygomycetes. J Infect Dis. 2005;191:1180-1187.http://jid.oxfordjournals.org/content/191/7/1180.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15747255?tool=bestpractice.com