致敏剂诱发 OA 的早期诊断和避免进一步暴露于致病因子为康复提供了最好的机会。[22]Tarlo SM, Balmes J, Balkissoon R, et al. Diagnosis and management of work-related asthma: American College of Chest Physicians Consensus Statement. Chest. 2008;134(3 suppl):1S-41S.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18779187?tool=bestpractice.com[37]Beach J, Russell K, Blitz S, et al. A systematic review of the diagnosis of occupational asthma. Chest. 2007;131:569-578.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17296663?tool=bestpractice.com[66]Brooks SM, Weiss MA, Bernstein IL. Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS). Persistent asthma syndrome after high level irritant exposures. Chest. 1985;88:376-384.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4028848?tool=bestpractice.com[51]Henneberger PK. Work-exacerbated asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;7:146-151.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17351467?tool=bestpractice.com[52]Gibson PG, Fujimura M, Niimi A. Eosinophilic bronchitis: clinical manifestations and implications for treatment. Thorax. 2002;57:178-182.http://thorax.bmj.com/content/57/2/178.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11828051?tool=bestpractice.com[53]Fishwick D, Bradshaw L, Henson M, et al. Occupational asthma: an assessment of diagnostic agreement between physicians. Occup Environ Med. 2007;64:185-190.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17095553?tool=bestpractice.com[39]Beach J, Rowe BH, Blitz S, et al. Diagnosis and management of work-related asthma. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 2005;129:1-8.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK37917/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16354102?tool=bestpractice.com
对于持续待在工作场所的患者,避免暴露的策略包括消除或替代致病因子,或重新安置远离暴露区域。由于已致敏的工作者没有明确的安全暴露水平,因此推荐不要将降低暴露水平或使用呼吸防护作为有效的控制措施。[22]Tarlo SM, Balmes J, Balkissoon R, et al. Diagnosis and management of work-related asthma: American College of Chest Physicians Consensus Statement. Chest. 2008;134(3 suppl):1S-41S.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18779187?tool=bestpractice.com
一部分致敏物诱发的哮喘患者(在一些研究中约 20%)将在脱离致敏物暴露后可完全痊愈,而其他患者将有所改善(在一些研究中约 70% 的患者改善或痊愈)。[15]Tarlo SM, Liss GM, Yeung KS. Changes in rates and severity of compensation claims for asthma due to diisocyanates: a possible effect of medical surveillance measures. Occup Environ Med. 2002;59:58-62.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1740212/pdf/v059p00058.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11836470?tool=bestpractice.com
大多数改善往往在停止暴露后的最初两年间发生。诊断时,肺功能相对正常且症状持续时间较短的工人中,症状改善或消退的可能性更大。