卡瓦
有效性证据存在冲突的一种草药[103]Pittler MH, Ernst E. Kava extract for treating anxiety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD003383.http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD003383/fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12535473?tool=bestpractice.com 有肝脏疾患个案报道,包括急性肝衰竭和死亡。[104]Pittler MH, Ernst E. Systematic review: hepatotoxic events associated with herbal medicinal products. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Sep 1;18(5):451-71.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12950418?tool=bestpractice.com 需要对其药物效力和长期安全性展开进一步研究:[32]Gale C, Oakley-Browne M. Generalized anxiety disorder. Clin Evid. 2005 Dec;(14):1253-69.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16620453?tool=bestpractice.com 目前正在进行II期安慰剂对照的随机对照试验,研究卡瓦提取物在GAD中应用的长期疗效。[105]Savage KM, Stough CK, Byrne GJ, et al. Kava for the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder (K-GAD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2015 Nov 2;16:493.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4630875/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26527536?tool=bestpractice.com 由于对药物相互作用的了解有限,不宜与其他治疗共同采用。持有卡瓦在一些国家是非法的,其遭到许多欧洲市场封杀。