最大程度保障脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者的预后。一系列研究表明,脓毒症的死亡率估计在 28% 至 50% 之间。[191]Sands KE, Bates DW, Lanken PN, et al. Epidemiology of sepsis syndrome in 8 academic medical centers. JAMA. 1997 Jul 16;278(3):234-40.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9218672?tool=bestpractice.com[192]Zeni F, Freeman B, Natanson C. Anti-inflammatory therapies to treat sepsis and septic shock: a reassessment. Crit Care Med. 1997 Jul;25(7):1095-100.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9233726?tool=bestpractice.com 最近,欧洲的 SOAP 研究发现,患者的总体住院死亡率为 36%,[30]Vincent JL, Sakr Y, Sprung CL, et al. Sepsis in European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med. 2006 Feb;34(2):344-53.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16424713?tool=bestpractice.com 并且在一项改进项目结束时,拯救脓毒症运动报告的死亡率为 31%。[35]Levy MM, Dellinger RP, Townsend SR, et al. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):367-74.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20035219?tool=bestpractice.com
脓毒症患者的 ICU 死亡率为 27% 至 32%,此比例在脓毒性休克患者中为 50% 至 70%,而无脓毒症的 ICU 患者死亡率是 14%。[27]Russell JA. Management of sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 19;355(16):1699-713.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17050894?tool=bestpractice.com[127]Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001 Jul;29(7):1303-10.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11445675?tool=bestpractice.com
脓毒症晚期常见多器官障碍,且可能导致多种病症。[27]Russell JA. Management of sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 19;355(16):1699-713.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17050894?tool=bestpractice.com[193]American College of Chest Physicians; Society of Critical Care Medicine. Consensus conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med. 1992 Jun;20(6):864-74.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1597042?tool=bestpractice.com